Chap. 3.] ACCOUNT OF COTJNTEIES, ETC. 163 



Mellaria\ Mirobriga', and Sisapo*, in the district of 

 Osintias. 



To the jurisdiction of Grades belongs Begina, with Koman 

 citizens ; and Laepia, Ulia'', Carisa' eumamed Aurelia, Urgia" 

 or Castrum Julium, likewise called Caesaris Salutariensis, 

 all of which enjoy the Latian rights. The tributary towns 

 are Besaro, Belippo', Barbesula, Lacippo, Baesippo, Callet, 

 Cappacum, Oleastro, Ituci, Brana, Lacibi, Saguntia*, and 

 AudorissB. 



M. Agrippa has also stated the whole length of this pro- 

 vince to be 475 miles^, and its breadth 257 ; but this was at 

 a time when its boundaries extended to Carthage^", a circum- 

 stance which has often caused great errors in calculations ; 

 which are generally the result either of changes effected in the 

 limits of provinces, or of the fact that in the reckoning of dis- 

 tances the length of the miles has been arbitrarily increased or 

 diminished. In some parts too the sea has been long making 

 encroachments upon the land, and in others again the shores 

 have advanced ; while the course of rivers in this place has 

 become more serpentine, in that more direct. And then, 

 besides, some writers begin their measurements at one place, 



* According to Hardouin this wa* on the site of the modem Fuente 

 de la Ovejuna, fourteen leagues from Cordova. 



2 Tills has been identified by inscriptions with the modem ViUa de 

 Capilla. 



3 According to Hardouin, the modem Almaden de la Plata. 

 ■* Probably the same as the modem Monte Major. 



5 The ruins of this place are probably those seen at Carixa^ near 

 Bomos, in the vicinity of Seville. 



® According to Hardouin, the same as the modem Las Cabezas, not 

 far from Lebrija. 



7 The sites of these two towns are unknown. Baesippo, Barbesula and 

 Callet have been already mentioned- 



® The ruins of Sagimtia are to be seen between Arcos and Xeres della 

 Frontera, on the river Guadalete ; they bear their ancient name under 

 the form of Cigonza. Mela, B. iii. c. 1, says that Oleastro was a grove 

 near the Bay of Cadiz. Brana was probably the same place that is men- 

 tioned by Ptolemy under the name of Urbona. 



^ "We may here mention for the more correct information of the reader 

 that the Roman mile consisted of 1000 paces, each pace being five Enghsh 

 feet. Hence its length was 1618 English yards (taking the Roman 

 foot at 11-6496 English inches), or 142 yards less than the Enghsh 

 statute mile. 



^•^ Nova Carthago, or New Carthage. 



h2 



