186 plikt's NATUEAL HISTOET. [Book III. 



Extending behind all the before-mentioned places are the 

 Apennines, the most considerable of all the mountains of 

 Italy, the chain of which extends unbroken from the 

 Alps^ to the Sicilian sea. On the other side of the Apen- 

 nines, towards the Padus^, the richest river of Italy, the 

 whole country is adorned with noble towns ; Libarna^, the 

 colony of Dertona'*, Iria*, Barderate®, Industria', PoUentia^, 

 Carrea sumamed Potential, Poro Fulvi or Yalentinum^'^, 

 Augusts," of the Yagienni, Alba Pompeia'^, Asta^^, and 

 Aquse Statiellorum". This is the ninth region, according to 

 the arrangement of Augustus. The coast of Liguria extends 

 211 miles'*, between the rivers Yarus and Macra. 



CHAP. 8. — THE BETENTH EEGION OF ITALY. 



Next to this comes the seventh region, in which is Etruria, 



^ Of which they were considered as a chain, and called the Apennine 

 Alps. , * Now the Po. 



3 According to D'Anville, now Castel Arqua. 



* Now Tortona. It was a city of importance, and there are con- 

 siderable ruins still in existence. 



5 The modem Voghera, upon the river Staffora. 



^ Probably the present Verrua. 



7 Called by the Ligurians Bodincomagus, by the Romans Industrla. 

 Its remains are to be found at Monteti di Po, a few miles below Cherasso, 

 on the right bank of the river. 



8 The modem Pollenza, a small town on the river Tenaro near Alba. 



9 Its site has been placed at Chieri near Turin, and at Carrii on the 

 Tanaro, a few miles south of Bene, which is perhaps the most probable. 



10 The modem Valenza. 



" Placed by D'AnviUe at Yico near Mondovi, and by other writers at 

 Carmagnole and Saluzzo : but Durandi has shown that the ruins still to 

 be seen near Bene in Piedmont are those of Augusta Vagiennonmi. Bene 

 is supposed to be a corruption of Bagienna, the name of the town in the 

 middle ages. The name of the Vagienni also probably siu^ives ia that 

 of Viozenna, an obscure place in that vicinity. 



12 StiU called Alba ; a town near the northern foot of the Apennines. 

 It probably had its appellation from Cn. Pompeius Strabo, the father of 

 Pompey the Great, who conferred many privileges on the Cisalpiae Gauls. 

 It was the birth-place of the Emperor Helvius Pertinax. 



13 The modem Aste. 



** The modem Acqui, so called from its mineral springs. It is again 

 mentioned by Phny in B. XXXI. Numerous remains of the ancient 

 town have been discovered. 



*5 Ansart observes that this measurement is nearly correct. 



