Cliap. 16.] ACCOUNT Or COUNTEIES, ETC. 229 



Trica^, whose names have passed into a by-word and a 

 proverb. 



Besides the above, there is in the interior of the second 

 region one colony of the Hirpini, Beneventum', so called by 

 an exchange of a more auspicious- name for its old one of 

 Maleventum ; also the ^culani', the Aquilonii^, the Abelli- 

 nates surnamed Protropi, the Compsani, the Caudini, the 

 Ligures, both those called the Corneliani and Bebiani, the 

 Yescellani, the -Sclani, the Aletrini, the Abellinates* sur- 

 named Marsi, the Atrani, the .^cani'', the Alfellani', the 



* The names of these two defunct cities were used by the Romans to 

 signify anytiiing frivolous and unsubstantial ; just as we speak of " cas- 

 tles in the air," wliich the French call " chateaux en Espagne." 



2 Livy and Ptolemy assign this place to Samniiun Proper, as distin- 

 gubhed from the Hirpini. It was a very ancient city of the Samnites, 

 but in the year B.C. 268, a Roman colony was settled there, on which 

 occasion, prompted by superstitfous feelings, the Komans changed its 

 name Maleventimi, which in their language would mean " badly come," 

 to Beneventum or " well come." The modem city of Benevento still 

 retains nmnerous Iraces of its ancient grandeur, among others a tri- 

 umphal arch, erected a.d. 114 in honour of the emperor Trajan. 



3 The remains of JKculanum are to be seen at Le Qrotte, one mile 

 from Mirabella. The ruins are very extensive. 



■* There were probably two places called Aquilonia in Italy ; the remainB 

 of tlie present one are those probably to be seen at La Cedogna. That 

 mentioned by Livy, B. i. c. 38-43, was probably a different place. 



' These are supposed by some to be the people of AbeUinum mentioned 

 in the first region of Italy. Notliing however is known of these or of 

 the Abellinates Marsi, mentioned below. 



6 ^C8B is supposed to have been situate about nineteen miles fix)m 

 Herdonia, and to have been on the site of the modem city of Troja, an 

 episcopal see. The Compsani were the people of Compsa, the modem 

 Conza ; and the Caudini were the inhabitants of Caudixun, near which 

 were the Fauces Caudinae or "Caudine Forks," where the Roman army was 

 captured by the Samnites. The site of this city was probably between 

 the modem Arpaja and Monte Sarchio ; and the defeat is tliought to 

 have taken place in the narrow valley between Santa Agata and Moirano, 

 on the road from the former place to Benevento, and traversed by the 

 little river Iselero. The enumeration here beginning with the ^clani is 

 thought by Hardouin to be of nations belonging to Apulia, and not to 

 the Hirpini. The ^clani, here mentioned, were probably tlie people 

 of the place now called AscoH di Satriano, not far from the river Cara- 

 pella. Of the Aletrini and Atrani nothing appears to be known, 



" Probably the people of Affilse, still called Affile, and seven miles 

 from Subiaco. Inscriptions and fragments of columns are still foimd 

 there. 



