300 pliny's natiteal histoet. [Book IV. 



and at tlie extreme bend of the Gulf, Thessalonica^ a free 

 city; (from this place to Dyrrhachium it is 245 miles-,) 

 and then Thermae^. Upon the Gulf"* of Thermae are the 

 towns of Dicsea, Pydna% Derra, Scione^, the Promontory of 

 Canastraeum', and the towns of Pallene'' and Phlegra. In this 

 region also are the mountains Hypsizorus, Epitus, Halcyone, 

 and Leoomne ; the towns of Nyssos', Phryxelon, Mendae, and 

 what was formerly Potidaea^" on the isthmus of Pallene, but 

 now the Colony of Cassandria; Anthemus",01ophyxus^^,and 

 the Gulf of Mecyberna^^ ; theto^Tis ofMiscella, Ampelos*^, 

 Torone^% Singos*^, and the canal, a mile and a half in length, 

 by means of which Xerxes, king of the Persians, cut off Mount 

 Athos^^ from the main land. This mountain projects from 



* Now Saloniki. Its original name was Thermae, but it was first made 

 an important city by Cassander, B.C. 315, who gave it its new name in 

 honour of his wife, the sister of Alexander tlie Great : St. Paul visited it 

 about A.D. 53, and two years after addressed from Corinth two Epistles 

 to liis converts in the city. 



2 Poly bins says, in Strabo, B. vii., 267 miles. 



3 As already mentioned, Thermae became merged in Thessalonica, when 

 refounded by Cassander under that name. * Now the Gulf of Saloniki. 



^ This is probably an error. Pydna, already mentioned, lay far inland 

 in the district of Pieria. 



On the peninsula of Pallene. Its male inliabitants were put to death 

 by the Athenians in the Peloponnesian war. 



7 Now Capo Paliuri, the extreme point of the Isthmus of Pallene. 



^ The most westerly of the three peninsulas of Chalcidice. Phlegra is 

 generally understood to have been its former name. 



^ Perhaps the same as Nyssa, between the rivers Nestus or Mestus, and 

 Strymon. 



1" Its ruins are now called Pinaka. It was a colony of the Corinthians, 

 but refounded by Cassander, King Pliilip having previously destroyed the 

 city. 



^* South-east of Thessalonica, and north of Chalcidice. It was given 

 by King PhOip to the Olynthians. ^^ Near Mount Athos. 



^ Now MoHvo, at the head of the Toronaic Gulf, part of wliich thence 

 took its name. 



^■* The name of a promontory at the extremity of the peninsula of Si- 

 thonia, in Chalcidice. It seems to correspond with the modem Cape 

 Kartali. 



'» In the district of Chalcidice, on the S.W. of the peninsula of 

 Sithonia. 



^6 On the east of the peninsula of Sithonia. It gave its name to the 

 Sinus Singiticus or Singitic Gulf. 



^7 Now Monte Santo, at the end of. the long peninsula running out 

 from Chalcidice. 



