J514 Flint's NATUEAL HISTORY. [Book IV. 



Lebena^andHierapolis; and, in the interior, Gortyna^, Phae- 

 stnin, Cnossus^, Polyrrenium, Myrina, Lycastus, Ehamnns, 

 Lyctus, Dium'^, Asus, Pyloros, Ehytion, Elatos, Pharse, 

 Holopyxos, Lasos, Eleuthemae*, TherapnsB, Marathusa, and 

 Tylisos; besides some sixty others, of which the me- 

 mory only exists. The mountains are those of Cadistus^, 

 Ida, Dictynnaeus, and Corycus^. This island is distant, at 

 its promontory of Criumetopon, according to Agi'ippa, from 

 Phycus^, the promontory of Cyrene, 125 miles ; and at Ca- 

 distus, from Malea in the Peloponnesus, eighty. From the 

 island of Carpathos^, at its promontory of Sammonium it 

 lies in a westerly direction, at a distance of sixty miles ; this 

 last-named island is situate between it and Ehodes. 



The other islands in its vicinity, and lying in front of the 



1 Now Lionda. 



2 Next to Cnossus in splendour and importance. Mr. Pashley places 

 its site near the modem Haghius Dheka, the place of the martyrdom of 

 the ten Saints, according to tradition, in the Decian persecution. 



3 It has been remarked, that Pliny is mistaken here if he intends to 

 enumerate Cnossus among the towns of the interior of Crete. The only 

 remains of this capital of Crete, situate on the north of tlie island, are 

 those seen at Makro-Teikho, or the " Long Walls," so called from the 

 masses of Koman brick- work there seen. 



* Though an inland town, it probably stood in the vicinity of the 

 headland or promontory of the same name, which is now called Kavo 

 Stavro. Many of these names are utterly unknown. 



* One of the most important towns of Creto, on the N.W. slope of 

 Mount Ida, about fifty stadia from the port of Astale. Mr. Pashley 

 says that some remains probably of this place are still to be seen on a 

 hill near a place called Elethema, five miles south of the great convent 

 of Arkadhi. 



6 The loftiest point of the mountain-range that traverses the island of 

 Crete from west to east. Its head is covered with snow. The modem 

 name is Psiloriti, looking down on the plain of Mesara. The word Ida 

 is supposed to mean a mountain in which mines are worked, and the 

 Idsei Dactyli of Crete were probably among the first workers in iron and 

 bronze. The position of Mount Cadistus, belonging to the range of 

 White Mountains, has been fixed by Hoeck at Cape Spadha, the most 

 northerly point of the island. It is thought that Pliny and Solinus are 

 in error in speaking of Cadistus and Dictynnaeus as separate peaks, 

 these being, both of them, names of the mountain of which the cape was 

 fomied; the latter name having been given in later times, from the 

 worship and temple there of Dictynna. 



7 Now Grrabusa, the N.W. promontory of Crete. 



8 Now Eas-al-Sem, or Cape Rasat, in Africa. The distance, according 

 to Brotier, is in reality about 225 nules, » Now Skarpanto, 



