Chap. 1.] ACCOTJUT Or COUNTEIES, ETC. 375 



merly founded by Antaeus, and afterwards received the name 

 of Traducta Julia*, from Claudius Csesar, when he esta- 

 blished a colony there. It is thirty miles distant from 

 Belon', a town of Bsetica, where the passage across is the 

 shortest. At a distance of twenty-five miles from Tingi, 

 upon the shores of the ocean', we come to Julia Con- 

 stantia Zili8^ a colony of Augustus. This place is exempt 

 from all subjection to the knigs of Mauritania, and is in- 

 cluded in the legal jurisdiction of Baetica. Thirty-two 

 miles distant from Jidia Constantia is Liios*, which was 

 made a Roman colony by Claudius Cffisar, and which ha« 

 been the subject of such wondrous fables, related by the 

 w^riters of antiquity. At this place, according to the 

 story, was the palace of Antaeus ; this was the scene of his 

 combat with Hercules, and here were the gardens of the 

 Hesperides'. An arm of the sea flows into the land here, 



its name from Tinge, the wife of Antffus, the giant, who was slain by 

 Hercules. His tomb, which formed a hill, in the shape of a man 

 stretched out at full length, was shown near the town of Tingis to a 

 late period. It was also believed, that whenever a portion of the earth 

 covering the body was taken away, it rained until the hole was filled up 

 again. Sertoriiis is said to have dug away a portion of the hill ; but, on 

 discovering a skeleton sixty cubits in length, he was struck with horror, 

 and had it iramediatelv covered again. Procopius says, that the fortress 

 of this place was built by the Canaanites, who were driven by the Je^irft 

 out of Palestine. 



* It has been supposed by Salmasius and others of the learned, that 

 Pliny by mistake here attributes to Claudius the formation of a colony 

 which was really established by either Julius Csesar or Augustus. It is 

 more probable, however, that Claudius, at a later period, ordered it to 

 be called " Traducta Julia," or " the removed Colony of Juha," in re- 

 membrance of a colony having proceeded thence to Spain in the time of 

 JuHus Ctesar. Claudius himself, as stated in the text, established a 

 colony here. 



2 Its ruins are to be seen at Belonia, or Bolonia, three Spanish miles 

 west of the modem Tarifa. 



' At this point Pliny begins his description of the western side of 

 Africa. 



* Now Arzilla, in the territory of Fez. Ptolemy places it at the mouth 

 of the river ZUeia. It is also mentioned by Strabo and Antoninus. 



* Now El Araiche, or Larache, on the river Lucos. 



* Mentioned again in B. ix. c. 4 and c. 5 of the present Book, where 

 Pliny speaks of them as situate elsewhere. The story of Antceus is 

 further enlarged upon by Solinus, B. xxiv. ; Lucan, B. iv. 1. 589, et seq. ; 

 and Martianus Capella, B. vi. 



