Chap. 4.] ACCOUNT OF COUNTEIES, ETC. 391 



free towns of Lepti8\ Adrumetum', Euspina', and Thapsus* ; 

 and then Thenae^ Macomades^ Tacape^ and Sabrata^ which 

 touches on the Lesser Syrtis ; to which spot, from the 

 Ampsaga, the length of Numidia and Airica is 580 miles, 

 and the breadth, so far as it has been ascertained, 200. 

 That portion which we have called Aijica is divided into 

 two provinces, the Old and the New ; these are separated 

 by a dyke which was made by order of the second Scipio 

 Africanus'' and the kings*", and extended to Thenffi, which 

 town is distant from Carthage 216 miles. 



CHAP. 4. — THE STETES. 



A third Gulf is divided into two smaller ones, those of 

 the two Syrtes", which are rendered perilous by the shallows 



^ The modem Lempta occupies its site. 



^ Originally a Phoenician colony, older than Carthage. It was the 

 capital of Byzacium, and stood within the southern extremity of the 

 Sinus NeapoUtanus or Gulf of Hammaniet. Trajtm made it a colony, 

 under the high-sounding name, as we gather from inscriptions, of Colonia 

 Concordia tllpia Trajana Augusta Frugifera Hadrumetana, or, as set 

 forth on coins, Colonia Concordia Julia Hadrumetanu Pia. The epithet 

 Frugifera refers to the fact that it was one of the chief sea-ports for the 

 corn-producing country of Byzacium. It was destroyed by the Vandals, 

 but restored by the Emperor Jvistinian under the name of Justiniana or 

 Justinianopohs. The modem Sousa stands on its site ; and but slight 

 traces of the ancient city are to be found. 



* Situate in the vicinity of the modem Monastir. 



* Shaw discovered its ruins at the modem town of Demas. 



* Now Taineh, according to D'Anville. This place formed the boun- 

 dary between the proconsular province of Africa and the territory of the 

 Numidian king Masinissa and his descendants. 



^ The present Mahometa, according to Marcus, El Mahres according 

 to D'Anville. 



7 Now Cab^s, according to D'Anville, giving name to the Gulf of 

 Cabes. Marcus calls it Giaps. 



® Now Tripoli Vecchio ; also called Sabart according to D'Anville. 



* Scipio jEmUianus, the son-in-law of -^Emihus Paulus. 



^^ Micipsa, the son of Masinissa, and his two legitimate brethren. 

 Scipio having been left by Masinissa executor of his will, the sovereign 

 power was divided by him between Micipsa and his two brethren Gvdussa 

 and Mastanabal. On this occasion also he separated Numidia from 

 Zeugitana and Byzacium, by a long dyke drawn from Thense, due south, 

 to the borders of the Great Desert, and thence in a north-westerly direc- 

 tion to the river Tusca. 



" The Syrtes or 'Quicksands' are now called, the Lesser Syrtes the 



