INTRODUCTION. 



19 



The East Indian Prosimians. 



The Loris {LoHsida). A family resembling the 



Pottos, with rudimentary index and tail. 

 The Tarsier. A single species forming a family 



by itself; distinguished by its enormous eyes and 



greatly elongated tarsus. 

 The Colugos or Flying Cats {GakopUhecus). 



A highly remarkable genus forming a separate 



family distinguished by tiie possession of a pata- 



gium, or parachute-like membrane, and a very 



peculiar dentition. 



THE BATS {Chiroptera). 



Mammals distinguished by the possession of wings formed 

 by a membrane attached to the body and com- 

 monly also to the hind limbs and tail, and capable 

 of being extended by the remarkably elongated digits 

 of the fore-limbs; complete dentition; two pectoral 

 mammje; discoidal placenta. 



The Fruit-eating Bats {Carpophaga). 



Flying Foxes {Pteropida). Bats with flattened 

 masticating molars and mostly with a clawed 

 index or second finger; snout long. 

 The Insect-eating Bats {Entomophaga). 



True Bats or Vespertilionida {Gym nor hind). 

 The simple nose at the extremity of the snout 

 without leaf-like appendages. 



Leaf-nosed Bats {Phyllostoinatd). Bats with mem- 

 branous appendages to the nose, mostly sup- 

 ported by thin plates of cartilage. 



THE INSECT-EATERS {Tnsectivord). 



Small plantigrade mammals with a discoidal placenta 

 and all three kinds of teeth ; mostly five-clawed toes 

 on all four feet. 



The Banxrings or Climbers {Titpaia:), resembling 

 squirrels, with a sharp naked muzzle, and long 

 tufted tail. 



The Jumping Shrews {Macroscelida). Resembling 

 jerboas, but with a long snout or proboscis; natives 

 of Africa. 



The Des.mans or Divers {Myogalidd). With swim- 

 ming feet, long proboscis, and flattened tail. 



The Shrews or Runners {Soridda). The body 

 resembling that of a mouse, but with a pointed 

 muzzle and short, almost naked, tail. 



The Crawlers forming two groups: — 



The Tanrecs ( Centetida). Natives of Madagascar, 



with the general appearance of our hedgehogs. 

 The Hedgehogs {Erinacei). Natives of the conti- 

 nents of the Old World, with the body completely 

 covered with spines. 



The Burrowers. Having the anterior extremities 

 modified into powerful delving instruments; also 

 forming two groups — 



The Moles {Talpida). The digging feet with 

 five digits. 



The Golden Moles {Chrysochlorida). Moles 

 belonging to the Cape, with a short thickset 

 body, only three digits on the digging feet, and 

 rainbow reflex colours on the fur. 



THE FLESH-EATERS {Carnivora). 



Mammals with zonary placenta, free clawed toes, well- 

 developed canines and more or less cutting 

 molars. 



The Dog Tribe (Canidd). Digitigrade carnivores with 

 long running legs, five free toes on the fore-feet, 

 four on the hind-feet, and in most cases 42 teeth. 

 The Dogs Proper {Canis). With five toes in front, 

 four behind, and 42 teeth. 

 Group of the Wolves. Round pupils. 

 Group of the Foxes. Vertical oval pupils. 

 The HViiENAS (Hycenidd). Digitigrade carnivores with 

 powerful body decreasing in size from before back- 

 wards, mostly with four toes on all four feet, and 

 at most 34 teeth. 

 The Cat Tribe [Felidd). Digitigrade carnivores mostly 

 with retractile claws and never more than 30 teeth. 

 The Cheetahs {Cynailurus). 

 The True Felines {Felts). 

 Felines of the Old World. 

 Felines of the New World. 

 The Lynxes {Lynx). 

 Fossa {Cryptoproda). 

 The Viverrines ( Viverridd). Carnivora of small or at 

 most of moderate size, with short legs, and two 

 permanent molars in each half of each jaw. 

 The Civets {Ailuropoda). Digitigrade viverrines 



with retractile claws. 

 The Mangoustis {Cynopoda). Viverrines with elon- 

 gated toes, large non-retractile claws, and naked 

 soles. 

 The Bears {Ursidd). Plantigrade carnivores often 

 with a clumsy thickset body, with a degraded 

 and often scarcely recognizable camassial and 

 large tubercled teeth. 

 The Small Bears {Subursidd). With 36-40 teeth 



and a long tail. 

 The Large Bears {Ursida). With 42 teeth, in- 

 cluding four premolars above and below, two 

 molars in the upper jaw, three in the lower, all 

 with flat wrinkled crowns, furnished with low blunt 

 tubercles. 



