MYBI8TICACEJB. 



497 



matic fruits, all the parts of which are rich in odoriferous matters ; 

 but the fleshy pericarp, which easily spoils, is removed from them 

 for exportation. The common Nutmeg of commerce, produced by 

 M. fragrans? is the seed freed from its aril and coats — i.e., the 

 albumen, containing the small embryo near one end. The Nutmeg- 

 tree (Muscadier) introduced into all warm countries, also supplies 

 Mace, the aril, and the oils known as essence, balsam, and butter 

 of nutmeg {essence, baume, beurre de muscade), extracted by pressure 

 from both aril and albumen. These different products are used as 

 perfumes, condiments, and stimulating drugs. 2 The same properties 

 are found in varying degrees in many other species, notably in the 

 fruits of M. succedanea Bl., 3 of Timor, faiua Houtt. 4 or Mantjes of 

 the Indian Archipelago, malabarica Lamk., 5 Horsfieldia Bl., 6 of Java, 

 spuria Bl., of the Philippines, tingens Bl., 7 of Amboyna, Aruana 

 Houtt., 8 of the Moluccas, and other Indian species, such as M. 

 amygdalina Wall., 9 corticosa Hook. & Thoms., 10 Irya Gt^irtn. 11 

 America has similar aromatic species, 31. surinamensis .Roland., 12 

 sebifera Aubl., 13 officinalis Mark., 14 Otoba H. B., 15 Bicuhgba Schott. 16 



302. — Rosenth., Syn. PI. Diaphor., 586, 

 1140. 



1 See p. 492, notes 1, 2, fig. 298 ; 493, 494, 

 figs. 299-306.— Guib., Drog. Simpl., ed. 6, ii. 

 415. — Peeeira, JSlem. Mat. Med., ed. 4, ii. 

 p. i. 470.— Lindl., Fl. Med., 21. 



2 They have been indiscriminately praised as 

 tonics, stomachics, antiperiodics, and antiputres- 

 cents. Nutmeg enters into the elixirs diaphoenix 

 and de gams, eau de Melisse, de Cannes, the- 

 riaca, the carminative spirit of Sylvius, vinaigre 

 des quatre voleurs, &c. 



3 BumpJda, 186, in adnot. — Meissn., Prodr., 

 189, n. 3. 



4 Nat. Mist., ii. p. iii. 337 (nee Sw.) — 

 A. DC, Prodr., n. 2. — Nux Myrislica mascula 

 Cltts., Exot., i. 14. — M. inacrophylla Roxb. — 

 M. dactyloides G^:rtn., Fruct, i. 195, t. 41 

 (part.). — Wild or male nutmeg of the Moluccas. 



5 In Act. Acad. Par. (1788), 102.— A. DC, 

 Prodr., n. 25. — Palam palaca Rheed., Hort. 

 Malab., 4, t. 5 ? 



6 Bijdr., 577 (nee Wall.).— A. DC, Prodr., 

 n. 51. — M. Iryaghedhi Gjertn., Fruct., i. 196, 

 t. 41, fig. 4. — Horsfieldia odorata W„ Spec, 

 iv. 872. — Pyrrhosa Morsfieldii Wight., Icon., 

 t. 1857. 



7 RumpMa, i. 190.— A. DC, Prodr., n. 84.— 

 Pala tingens Ruhph., Herb. Amhoin., ii. 27, 

 t. 7- This species is also supposed (Rosenth., 

 op. cit., 588) to yield a kind of dragon's blood; 

 which leads one to think that it is analogous, if 



VOL. II. 



not identical, with the Dung an (see next page, 

 note 6). 



8 Rosenth., op. cit., 1140. — Bl., Eumphia, i. 

 191. — Palala-aruana Rr/MPH., Herb. Amboin., 

 56, t. 24, fig. 3. 



9 Pl.Asiat. Ear., i.t.90— A. DC, Prodr., u.62. 



10 See p. 495, note 3, figs. 307, 308. 



11 Fruct., i. 195, t. 41.— DC, Prodr., n. 51.— 

 M. javanica Bl., Bijdr., 576. — M. spha;rocarpa 

 Walh., Phan. Rar., i. t. 89. The aril is orange- 

 coloured and aromatic ; the albumen has not 

 much scent. 



12 In Act. Hafn., 281-302.— A. DC, Prodr., 

 n. 37. — M. fatua Sw., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ, 96 

 (nee Houtt.). 



13 Sw., Fl. Ind. Occ, 1129. — Benth., in 

 Hook. Jovrn. (1853), 5.— A. DC, Prodr., n. 28. 

 — T'irola sebifera Aubl., Guian., 904, t. 315, 

 figs. 1-5. 



14 Reise, ii. 543.— A. DC, Prodr., n. 41.— 

 Bicuiba rodonda of the Brazilians. A species 

 with tonic seeds, not verv aromatic. 



13 PI, Mipdn., ii. 78, t. 103.— A. DC, Prodr., 

 n. 46. Its seeds are the nutmegs of Santa-F^ ; 

 their aroma is fugacious. 



16 hi Spreng. Syst., A pp.. KH).— A. DC, Prodr., 

 n. 38. — Bicayba and Noz moseha do Brazil. 

 An aromatic bitter officinal species. A balm 

 "of Bicahyba" is extracted therefrom, and 

 sometimes imported into Europe. It is much 

 used in Brazil in the treatment of rbeuiunth 

 affections, piles, &c. 



K K 



