Vol. XXviii.] PALEONTOLOGY OP LANCASHIRE COAL MEASURES. 681 



Amphibian remains. 



In limestones, shales and blackband ironstone of the Upper 

 Coal Measures of Ardwick, Manchester. (Binney, Trans. 

 Manch. Geol. Soc., Vol. YI., p. 42. 



Range of Fossils. 



The task of arranging the fossils of the Upper Coal 

 Measures according to the beds in which they occur has 

 already been done in a large measure in the papers by Mr. 

 Charles Roeder and the writings of Mr. Binney. 



For the purposes of the present paper, the work of these 

 authors will serve, although in another paper which we hope 

 to publish at some later date on the zones and faunal 

 development of the Lancashire Coal Measures, it will be 

 necessary to subject to a careful review, the range of 

 dominant genera and species, both geographically and in 

 point of time. 



One feature which will at once strike the student of the 

 Upper Coal Measures is that the fauna is by no means so 

 scanty as once supposed. Another feature of primary 

 importance is that the fauna is throughout an essentially 

 Coal Measure one. If we except the reference by Mr. 

 Roeder to the occurrence of Arcao and Gervillso in beds 

 Nos. 28 and 30 at Slade Lane, Longsight, there is absolutely 

 nothing of a Permian character in the fauna. 



The Upper Coal Measure fauna is apparently an im- 

 poverished replica of that of the Middle series. 



It is not our intention to deal at length with the question 

 of subdivision of the Upper Coal Measures on the lines 

 recently laid down by palaeobotanisls. This can well be left 



