314 PALAEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 



Genus STROPHALOSIA, King. 1844. 



I'l.ATK .Wis, FIGS. 34-37; PLATE XVI, FIGS, li, 16, 30, 38, 42; PLATE XVII, FIGS. 10-15, 50, SI; .vnd PLATE XVUa, 



FIGS. 1-9. 



1889. Spondylm, Mu.nster. Beitr. zur Petrefactenkunde, Heft i, p. 43, pi. iv, fiy. 3. 



1842. OrtMs, Gei.nitz. Neues Jalii-Iiucli fiii- Min., etc., p. 578, pi x, tifjs. 12, 13. 



1843. Strap/urmena, H.^ll. Geology of N. Y. ; Rept. Fourth District, p. 189, fig. 4. 

 1S44. StropJialosia, King. Annals and Magazine of Natuial History, vol. xiv, p. 313. 



1845. LeptWTialo.na, King (MS.). In de Vernenil'.s Gi'ol. de la Rus;.s , etc., vol. ii, p. 281. 



1846. SfrtfpJialosia, King. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, vol. xvii, p. 92. 



1847. Orthothrix. Geinitz. Bull. Imp. Soc des Nat. de Moscou, vol. xx, p. 84. 



1847. Productus, I)E Koninck. Monographie des genres Productus et Chonetes, pp. 148, 150, pi. xi, 



fig. 4 ; pi. XV, figs. 4, 5. 



1848. Orthothrix, Gbinitz. Verstein. dei' deutsch. Zechst.-gebirg., p. 14, pi. v, figs. 27-37; pi. vi, fig. 20. 

 1850. Strophahma, King. Monogr. Permian Fossils of England, p. 93, pi. xii, figs. 1-33. 



1853. iStraphalosia, Davidson. Introd. British Fossil Brachiopoda, p. 115. 



1855. Leptwna, McCoy. British Palieozoic Fossils, p. 457. 



1857. Strcrphalosia, D.\vidson. Biitish Permian Fossils, p. 38, pi. iii, figs. 1-10, 19-41. 



1857. Produitella, Hall. Tenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 171. 



1861. StropTialo.iia, Geinitz. Dyas, p. 93, pis. xvii, figs. 1-19, 21-39 ; xviii, figs. 1-20 ; xix, figs. 2-6, 25. 



1863. Strctphalosia, A. Winchbll. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vol. 15, p. 4. 



1866. Crania, A. Winchell. Rept. Lower Peninsula of Michigan, p. 92. 



1867. Chonetts. Hall. PaU-eontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 143, pi. xxii, figs. 29-13. 



1867. Produdella, Hall. Paleontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 160. pi. xxiii, figs. 12-24. 



1868. Aulosteges, White and St. John. Trans. Chicago Acad. Sci., vol. i, p. 118, fig. 2. 

 1874. Strophalosia, Derby. Bull. Cornell University, vol. i. No. 2, p. 45, pis. iii, iv, viii, ix. 



1883. Chonetes (Productella, Stroi)halvsia), Hall. Ann Rept. N. Y. State Geologist for 1882, pi. xvi 



(47), figs. 12, 16, pi. xvii (48), figs. 10-15, 50, 51. 



1884. Productus {Productella}, Walcott. Palaeontology Eureka Distiict, p. 131, pi. xiv, fig. 2. 



1884. t'itrophalosia, Waagen. Salt-Range Fossils ; Brachiopoda, pp. 640-657, pi. Ixiii, figs. 2-8 ; pi. ixiv, 



figs. 1-9 ; pi. ixv, figs. 1-9. 

 1889. Productella {Strophalonia), Whiteaves. Contributions Can. Geol., vol. i. \<. 112, pi. xvi, figs. 1, 2. 



Diagnosis. Shells productoid in general form; a cicatrix, usually apparent 

 on the umbo of the pedicle-valve, indicates that they were attached to foreign 

 bodies by the substance of the shell. Both valves have a well defined area 

 and covered delthyrium, these features being much the more conspicuous in 

 the pedicle-valve. In this valve the teeth are prominent, but not supported by 

 lamellae ; the muscul.ar arrangement is the same as in Productus, though the 

 cardinal impressions are relatively larger and more elongate, extending beyond 

 the limits of the central adductors. 



In the brachial valve the cardinal process is erect, bifid on its anterior, and 

 quadrifid in its posterior face. It is supported on each side by .short, arched 

 crural plates, and is continued into a median .septum which extends for half 



