EXCKl'TIOXAL CKRVirAL VKRTKHR.E 



Tin-: Axis ok Skcoxd Ckrvkal Vertebra 



The Axis is easily r('co<rnise(l l>y tin- large rounded odontoid process which sur- 

 mounts its ui)per surface. The centrum has a nu)rei)roniinent lij) than the other 

 cervical vertebrie, and the anterior siu-face has a median ridge separating two 

 lateral de]M-cssions. 



The odontoid process is an irregularly rounded peg of hone. The anterior 

 surface has an oval facet for the anterior arch of the atlas. Posteriorly it presents 

 a deeply cut smooth groove for the transverse ligament. To the apex, a thin narrow 

 fihrous hand (the suspensory ligament) is attached. On each side of the apex 



Fig. H).— The Ckkvical Vektebr.^. (Anterior view.) 



ANTERIOR TUBERCLE OF ATLAS 

 TO WHICH THE longus coUi IS INSERTED 



Rectus capitis antieus 

 minor 



THE UPPER OBLIQUE 

 PORTION OF longus 

 colli 



THE UPPER OBLIQUE 

 PORTION OF longus 

 colli AND INSER- 

 TION OF INFERIOR 

 OBLIQUE PORTION 



THIS AND THE THREE SUC- 

 CEEDING PROCESSES GIVE 

 ORIGIN TO THE rectus 

 capitis antieus ma- 

 jor AND INSERTION TO 

 THE scalenus antieus 



ORIGIN OF VERTICAL PORTION OF THE longus colli; 

 ITS INSERTION IS INTO THE SECOND, THIRD, AND FOURTH VERTEBR/E 



there is an oblique facet for the check ligaments which connect it with the occipital 

 l>one. The pedicles are stout and broad; they support the oval, upwardly 

 <lirected. articular surfaces for the atlas. The inferior articular surfaces do not 

 diifer from the cervical type. The transverse are smaller than the costal 

 processes. 



Tii<- spinous process is stout and strong, deeply concave on its under asjx'ct, 

 and artords lirm attachment for muscles, especially those which help to rotate the 

 head. 



The Seve.nth Cervical Vertebra 



This vertebra has a longer s])inous ))rocess than any other cervical vertebra, 

 hence it is sometimes called vertebra prominens. The extremity of this process 



