L UMBA R I 'ER TEBR^ 



13 



the tip of the parfinlli/ sii/ypressed traiiscerse process, ami the part in front is an nndifferentiateil 

 rib. lietwcori tlie tiaii.sversie and custal eleiueiits sume largo vascular luramiiia are usually 

 present, representing the costo-trausverse foramina of other vertebrae. Oecasionally the costal 



Fig. ]:>. — A Lvmbau ViiUTKUiiA. (Side view.) 



SUPERIOR ARTICULAR PROCESS 



MAMMILLARY PROCESS 



TRANSVERSE PROCESS 



ACCESSORY PROCESS 



INFERIOR ARTICULAR PROCESS 



element differentiates, and becomes a well-tleveloped lumbar rib. A glance at the sjjine will show 

 that the acces.sory tuben-les are in line with the thoracic transverse processes, and the costal ele- 

 ments are in .series with the ribs (see also fig. 29). 



Fig. 14. — A Lumbar Vkrtebra. 

 (Showing the comijouud nature of the transverse process. Upper view.) 



MAMMILURY PROCESS 



ACCESSORY PROCESS OR 

 TIP OF THE TRUE 

 TRANSVERSE PROCESS 



COSTAL ELEMENT 

 COSTO-TRANSVERSE 

 FORAMINA 



Till' fifth luniliar vertebra has several (li.^tinLrdisliiiiLT features. The centrum 

 is; niueh thicker in front than behind. The inferior articular jtroeesses are widely 

 hsejiarated to articulate with the first sacral vertelira. The transverse processes 

 are short and massive, and the ))e(lieles are nia.ssive an<l Hattened I'mni ai>ove 

 ddwnwards; thr spinous process i- small. 



