THE SCAPULA 



n?> 



border is continuous with the inferior lip of the crest, with which it forms an 

 angle; it gives origin to the deltoid. The tip of the acromion afi"ords attachment to 

 the eoraco-acroniial Hgament. 



Of the three borders i)resented by the scapula, the external, or axillary, is the 

 thickest, and extends from the posterior inferior angle to the lower margin of the 

 glenoid cavity. Near its junction with the glenoid cavity there is a rough surface, 

 from which the long head of the triceps arises; below this is the groove for the 

 dorsal artery of the scapula. The subscapidaris muscle encroaches on this border 

 from the anterior surface, and the teretes from the posterior aspect. The posterior 

 or vertebral, border, sometimes called the base, is the longest; it extends from 

 tlie posterior superior to the posterior inferior angle. It is very narrow but 



Fig. 121.— The Left Scapula. (Veutral surface.) 



Serratus magnus 



SUPRASCAPULAR NOTCH Conoid lig. 

 \ 



Trapezoid ligament 



Coraco-acromial 



ligament 



Biceps and coraco- 



brachialis 



CLAVICULAR FACET 



Biceps 



Triceps (middle or long 

 bead) 



Serratus magnus 



affords attachment to three muscles: namely, the levator nngidi scapulse above the 

 spine; the rhomboideus minor on a level with the spine; and the rhomhoidcus 

 major, through the intervention of a fibrous arch from the spine to the inferior 

 angle. The superior border is the shortest and thinnest, ending externally in the 

 coracoid process. At the base of the coracoid is the suprascapular notch to 

 the edges of which the transverse ligament is attached. Not unfrcquently the notch 

 is replaced by a suprascapular foramen. This notch or foramen transmits the 

 suprascapular nerve, and occasionally the su])rascai)ular artery, but as a rule the 

 artery passes over the ligament. From the adjacent Itorders of the notch and from 

 the ligament, the omo-fii/oid takes origin. The anterior angle of the sca})ula is 

 formed by the glenoid cavity. This cavity is sliall««w and pyriform, with its 



