THE HIP-JOLXT 



241) 



bands; this is sometimes perforated, allowing the l)ursa nndcr tlie psoas to commu- 

 nicate with the Joint. The capsule is also very thin at its attachment to the hack 

 of the femoral neck, and again opposite the cotyloid notch. 



The ligamentum teres (figs. 289 and 240) is an interarticular flat band which 

 extends from the acetaljular notch to the head of the femur, and is usually about 

 an inch and a half (3-7 cm.) long. It has two bony attachments, one on either side 

 of the cotyloid notch immediatel}' below the articular cartilage, while intemiediate 

 fibres spring from the under surface of the transverse ligament. The ischial 

 portion is the stronger, and has several of its fibres arising outside the cavity, 

 below and in connection with the origin of the transverse ligament, Avhere it is 

 also continuous with the capsule and periosteum of the ischium. At the femur 

 it is fixed to the front part of the depression on the head, and to the cartilage 

 round the margin of the depression. It is covered by a prolongation of synovial 

 membrane, which also covers the cushion of fat in the recess of the acetabulum; 



Fig. 239. — Section through the Hip-joixt, showing the Cotyloid Ligament, 



LlGAMEXTLM TERES, AND RETIXACI'LA. 



' ■ - *> .f $ 1 



Ligamentum teres. 

 The upper line is 

 placed on the fem- 

 oral, the lower on 

 the ischial attach- 

 ment 





Cotyloid cartilage 



Capsular ligament 

 Reflected fibres of 

 capsule (retin- 

 ae ula) 



Reflected fibres of 

 capsule 



the portion of the membrane reflected over the fatty tissue does not cling closely to 

 the round ligament, but forms a triangular fold, the apex of which is at the femur. 



The transverse ligament (fig. 241) passes across the cotyloid notch and con- 

 verts it into a foramen ; it supports part of the cotyloid fibro-cartilage. and is con- 

 nected Avith the ligamentum teres and the cai^sule. It is composed of decussating 

 fibres, which arise from the margin of the acetabulum on either side of the notch, 

 those coming from the pubes being more superficial, and passing to form the deep 

 part of the ligament at the ischium, while those superficial at the ischium are deep 

 at the pubes. It thus comjiletes the rim of the aceta1>ulum. 



The cotyloid fibro-cartilage (figs. 239 and 240) is a yellowish- white structure, 

 which deepens the acetaltulum l)y surmounting its margin. It varies in strength 

 and thickness, but is stronger at its iliac and ischial portions than elsewhere. Its 

 base is broad and fixed to the ])ony rim as well as to the articular cartilage of the 

 acetabulum on the inner, and the periosteum on the outer side of it, and blends 

 inseparably with the transverse ligament which supports it over the cotyloid notch. 

 Its free margin is thin; on section it is somewhat lunated, having its outer surface 



