632 



THE VELXS 



front of its corresponding artery. The left vein crosses in front of the aorta, just 

 below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. It is covered by the third 

 portion of the duodenum, and receives the left spermatic, or the left ovarian in the 

 female, and usually the left suprarenal, and sometimes the left phrenic. There are 

 rudiments of valves in each vein where it joins the vena cava. Those on the right 

 side, however, are less well marked. 



(2) The suprarenal veins. — There is usually only one suprarenal vein on each 

 side to return the l»lood In-ought to the su2)rarenal body by the three suprarenal 

 arteries. On the right side tlie vein opens into the vena cava direct a])ove the 

 opening of the right renal vein. On the left side, it opens into the left renal. 



Fig. 391. — The Abdominal Aorta and Ixfekiok Vexa Cava. 



Cystic artery 



HEPATIC DUCT 



CYSTIC DUCT 



COMMON DUCT 



Portal vein 



Gastro-dumlenal In: — 



Superior pyloric lir. — 



Hepatic art' / ;/ — 



Right xuprarenat r 

 Inferior suprun 

 artery 

 lienal art: 



Benal r 

 Inferior vena 



Right spermatic rein 



Right spermatic artery 



Quadratus lumborum 



muscle 



Right !u7nbar artery and 



left lumbar vein 



Ureteric branch of 



spermatic artei~y 



yiidille sacral vessels 



LEFT LOBE OF LIVER 



(ESOPHAGUS 



Left phrenic artery 



Right phrenic artery 

 Superior suprarenal 

 Gastric artery 

 Inferior suprarenal 

 Splenic artery 



Left phrenic vein 

 -5=7-r — Left suprarenal vein 

 Superior mesenteric 

 artery 



KIDNEY 



Ureteric branch of renal 

 Left spermatic vein 



Left spermatic artery 



Inferior mesenteric artery 



i) n| iiii.., ' i n Ureteric branch of 



'Inill'lll' I I I spermatic 



Ureteric branch of 



common iliac 

 Common iliac artery 



External iliac artery 

 Internal iliac artery 



(3) The spermatic veins return the blood from the testicle. They begin by 

 the confluence of small branches from the body of the testicle and epididymis, and 

 as they proceed uj) the s})ermatic cord, in front of the spermatic artiuy and ^'as 

 deferens, become dilated and plexiform, constituting tbe so-called pampiniform 

 plexus. After passing through the external alxlominal ring, the inguinal canal, 

 and the internal alxlominal ring, the plexus merges into two veins, Avbich lie one 

 on each side of the s})ermatic artery. Along with the artery the veins pass uj) 

 beneath the peritoneum, and on the left side also beneath the sigmoid flexure of 

 the colon, across the psoas muscle and ureter, to end as a single trunk, on the 

 right side in the inferior vena cava, and on the left side in the left renal vein. 

 There are commonly a numl)er of imperfect valves in the spermatic plexus and a 



