THE EYELIDS 



805 



TiiK Eyelids 



The cutaneous and conjunctival surfaces of the Hds have already been examined, 

 and the position of the tarsus lias been indicated. We have now to ascertain the 

 nature and relations of the tarsus, and describe the other tissues entering into the 

 formation of the eN'elids. 



Tlie skin here is thin, bearinjjj line hairs, and having small sebaceous and 

 numerous small sweat glands. Immediately beneath it is a loose subcutaneous 

 tissue, destitute of fat, separating the skin from the palpel)ral part of the orbicularis 

 muscle. The lid-tibres of this muscle arise from the inner palpebral ligament and 

 course over the whole ui>per and lower eyelids in a succession of arches, so 'as to 



Fic. 491.— Vkktical Tra.\sv7:rsk Sectiox throtigh thk Uppkr Evklid. 

 (After Waldeyer and P'uchs.j 



Cutaneous surface just 

 above superior palpe- 

 bral fold 



Orbicularis fibres, cut 

 across 



FINE HAIR WITH SEBACEOUS 

 GLAND AT ITS BASE 



Orbicularis fibres, cut 

 across 



MODIFIED SWEAT GLAND OF 

 MULL 



l/t^W f^- CONJUNCTIVA NEAR FORNIX 



y Anterior layer of inser- 

 tion of levator palpe- 

 brae superioris 

 Superior palpebral 



muscle of Mailer 

 Fibres from levator 

 passing through 

 orbicularis to skin 



Superior vaxcular (trch, 

 cut across 



WALDEYER'S GLANDS 



Conjunctival papillae 

 over attached border 

 of tarsus 



MuBculuB ciliariB 

 Riolani 



Posterior edge of lid- 

 margin 



OPENING OF DUCT OF 

 MEIBOMIAN GLAND 



meet again beyond the outer cantlius: there they in ])art join one another, in part 

 are inserted into the outer pal})ebral ligament. The muscular fibres are arranged 

 in loose bundles, with spaces between them occui)ied by comiective tissue: in the 

 upiier lid these connective-tissue fil>res may be traced u])wards and backwards int<^) 

 the fibrous expansion of the tendon of the U'vator paljiebra' sujx'Horis. One strong 

 bundle of orliicularis fibres, called the musculus ciliaris Riolani, is found near 

 the edge of the lid. in front of. and behind, the clfcrcnt ducts of the Meil)omian 

 glands. 



A central connective tissue si-parates the orbicularis muscle from the tarsus 

 in the tarsal division of the lids. In the ujiper lid this is to be regarded as mainly 

 the anterior or fii)rous ex]iansion of the tendon of the levator palpebrsp, which 

 55 



