SURFACE MARKINGS OF MUSCLES OF BACK 



1143 



the superior nuchal line to the posterior and outer third of the clavicle; and a third 

 from the last thoracic spine upwards and outwards to the spine of the scaj^ula. 



Latissimus dorsi.— The arm being raised above a riglit angle, the spines of 



Fig. 705.— Diagram axd Taisi.e ."showing the Approximate Relation to the Spinal 

 Nerves OF the variois Motor, 8en.sory, and Reflex Functions of the Spinal 

 Cord. (Arranged by Dr. Gowers 4'rom anatomical and patholodcal data.) 



J.-^-, 



MOTOR 



IC 



-y 1 



' .Sterno-mastoid 



4 f Trapezius 



5 I !• Diaphragm 



I Serratus 

 C ("Shoulder 



Hand 



(ulnar lowest) 



Intercostal 

 muscles 





pathological 

 SENSORY 



>• Neck and scalp 

 > Neck and shoulder 



Shoulder 

 . Ami 



Hand 



■ Front of thorax 

 1 



Ensiform area 



Abdomen 

 (Umbilicus 10th) 



, Buttock, upper 

 J ) part 



( Groin and 



_' I frf.i 



scrotum 

 (front) 

 f outer side 



Thigh ■{ front 



L inner side 

 Leg, inner side 



REFLEX 



Scapular 



- Epigastric 



f- Abdominal 



Cremasteric 

 Knee-joint 



f Buttock, lower part j" Gluteal 



Back of thigh 



and -except inner 

 . foot ) part 



PerinKum and anus 



Skin from coccyx to 

 anus 



Fool clonus 

 Plantar 



the sixth thoracic and the third sacral vertebrae should be marked; then the outer 

 lip of the crest of the ilium, the lower two or three ribs, the lower angle of the 

 scapula, and the posterior fold of the axilla, and finally the bicipital groove should 

 all be marked. 



