the methods suggested have aimed at preliminary 

 removal of the volatile oils in a pure form by dis- 

 tilling at moderate pressures with steam alone 

 (Hough, U. S. Pat. 903,859), or in presence of alkali 

 solutions (Craighill and Kerr, U. S. Pat. 817,960). 

 It has been claimed that part of the rosin can be 

 melted down and tapped from the bottom of the 

 digester (Saylor, U. S. Pat. 1,004,473; Hoskins, 

 U. S. Pat. 770,463). The spent pulping liquors 

 may be evaporated and destructively distilled to 

 yield rosin spirits, pyroligneous acid, tar, etc. 

 (U. S. Dept. Agric., Bur. Chem., Bulletin 159). 



EXPERIMENTAL 

 Scope of Investigation 



In the chemical utilization of wood waste it 

 seems highly desirable to aim at simplicity of treat- 

 ment and at the same time provide for as complete 

 a recovery of valuable products as is economically 

 possible. Usually one type of treatment is para- 

 mount in a plant and any complication is looked 

 upon with disfavor. And it is quite apparent that 

 a succession of widely varying types of treatment 

 is not conducive to the smooth operation of a mill. 

 A limitation of the number of end products is 

 a decided advantage and these products should be 

 obtained in the most direct manner and in as pure 

 an initial form as possible. 



It was with these considerations in mind that an 

 investigation of southern pine waste was under- 

 taken. The problem was limited to the more res- 

 inous classes of wood waste. Considering the recent 

 demonstrations that excellent paper pulp can be 

 obtained from long-leaf pine, it seemed advisable 

 to employ a modified pulping treatment. This 

 necessitated the preparation of the wood in the 

 form of chips of the size demanded by a pulp 

 mill. It remained to choose a method for treating 

 the chips to separate the oleoresin from the wood 

 itself and allow isolation of the three end products 

 turpentine, rosin and paper pulp. 



Since rosin is readily saponified by alkalis and 

 thereby rendered soluble in water, it was decided 



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