on lean wood, there should be no difficulty in providing 

 for the preliminary extraction of the rich wood with 

 caustic soda alone. As a source of alkali for 

 cooking, the strengthened black liquor from the 

 "direct extract" was found to be satisfactory. 



The pulp obtained from long-leaf pine is charac- 

 terized by unusual length of fibre, the length being 

 4-6 millimeters, or about twice that of spruce fibre. 

 This quality, coupled with the favorable strength 

 and flexibility of the fibre, imparts to the finished 

 paper unusual toughness and resistance to folding 

 and bursting. 



The soda cooks gave brown pulp, which did not 

 lend itself readily to bleaching. The consumption 

 of bleach was high and the final color was distinct- 

 ly yellowish. As has already been mentioned, the 

 sulphate process is preferable where bleached pulp 

 is desired. 



The pulp from long-leaf pine is well suited for 

 making high-grade wrapping paper, board stock, 

 etc. With further study of the methods for cook- 

 ing, beating and bleaching, it is expected that the 

 uses of the pulp will be greatly extended. 



Significance of Results 



The data obtained in these investigations are not 

 necessarily exactly representative of those which 

 would hold in industrial practice. The prime deduc- 

 tion from the experimental results is the feasibility of 

 a two-stage treatment for the chemical utilization of 

 waste southern pine rich in rosin and turpentine. It 

 was possible to obtain a high recovery of valuable 

 products from the primary constituents of the 

 wood. The crude products were isolated in a 

 favorable state of purity and required little sub- 

 sequent refining. The process was characterized 

 by simplicity in manipulation and in separation 

 of end products. Moreover, the materials used in 

 the reduction, as well as the ultimate products 

 themselves, were few in number and simple in 

 nature. 



There was no waste of alkali at any point. The 

 portion withdrawn from the cycle in the form of 

 precipitated sodium resinate served to enhance th( 



51 ' 



