ii PRIMARY DISSOCIATION-PRODUCTS 39 



lysatinin. Later Hedin 1 prepared from horn arginin, which had 

 previously been discovered by E. Schulze 2 in germinating lupine, and 

 showed that lysatinin is only a mixture of arginin and lysin. 3 Since 

 then, through the researches of E. Schulze, 4 and especially Kossel 5 and 

 his pupils, 6 arginin has been shown to be the most widely distributed 

 dissociation-product of albumin. An albumin, not containing arginin, 

 is unknown. Salmin, 7 the protamin of the spermatic fluid of the 

 salmon, and sturin, the protamin out of the spermatic fluid of the 

 sturgeon, contain arginin to the extent of 80 per cent. In other 

 protamins arginin is in excess of all other diamino-acids, and is very 

 abundant also in the histones and some vegetable albumins, but in all 

 other albumins it is quantitatively much less abundant than are the 

 mono-amino acids. (See tables on pp. 70-75; and also p. 201.) 

 Kossel's view that arginin is the nucleus of the albumin molecule is 

 discussed on p. 154. As protamins are not readily accessible, edestin 

 and thymus-histone may be recommended especially for the pre- 

 paration of arginin. Schulze and Winterstein 8 recommend also 

 germinating plants of Lupinus luteus. How to obtain arginin by 

 Kossel's 9 method has already been described on p. 26. The properties 

 of arginin and its Salts is fully described in the Ergebnisse der 

 Physiologic, I. i., p. 46 (1902) by Schulze and Winterstein. 



Arginin, according to E. Schulze, 10 Ellinger, 11 Kutscher, 12 and 

 E. Fischer, 13 has this structure 



1 S. G. Hedin, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 20. 186 (1894), 21. 155 and 247 

 (1895). 



2 E. Schulze, Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Ges. 19. I. 1177 (1886) ; Zeitschr. f. physiol. 

 Chem. 11. 43 (1886). 



3 S. G. Hedin, ibid. 21. 297 (1895). 



4 E. Schulze, ibid. 24. 276 (1897), 25. 360 (1898) ; E. Schulze and E. Winter- 

 stein, ibid. 28. 459 (1899), 33. 547 (1901). 



5 A. Kossel, ibid. 22. 176 (1896), 25. 165 (1898), 26. 588 (189S) ; A. Kossel 

 and F. Kutscher, ibid. 25. 551 (1898) ; 31. 165 (1900) ; A. Kossel, Ber. d. deutsch. 

 chem. Ges. 34. HI. 3214 (1901). 



6 F. Kutscher, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 25. 195 (1898), 26. 110 (1898) ; 

 Endprodukte der Trypsinverdauung, Marburger Habilitationsschrift, 1899 ; D. Lawrow, 

 Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 28. 388 (1899) ; E. Hart, ibid. 33. 347 (1901). 



7 A. Kossel, ibid. 26. 588 (1899). 



8 E. Schulze and E. Winterstein, ibid. 35. 299 (1902). 



9 A. Kossel and F. Kutscher, ibid. 31. 165 (1900). 



10 E. Schulze and E. Winterstein, ibid. 26. 1 (1898) ; Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Ges. 30. 

 III. 2879 (1897), 32. III. 3191 (1899). 



11 A. Ellinger, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 29. 334 (1900) ; Ber. d. deutsch. chem. 

 Ges. 31. III. 3183 (1898). 



12 E. Beuech and F. Kutscher, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 32. 278 (1901) ; F. 

 Kutscher, ibid. 32. 413 (1901) ; and especially F. Kutscher and J. Otori, ibid. 43. 

 93 (1904). 



13 E. Fischer, Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Ges. 34. I. 454 (1901). 



