x H^EMATOPORPHYRIN AND MESOPORPHYRIN 527 



suffering from sulphonal poisoning, and also in other diseases, and 

 even in healthy people by MacMunn, 1 Salkowski, 2 Hammarsten, 3 

 Garrod, 4 Kiva and Zoja, 5 and Nebelthau. 6 It is precipitated from 

 urine by the addition of barium- or calcium-hydrate, but most simply 

 by acetic acid, according to Nebelthau. The urine may at once show 

 a burgundy colour, or only develop the same after standing for some 

 time, owing to the haematoporphyrin being formed from a colourless 

 chromogen. 



Hsematoporphyrin contains two hydroxyl groups, 7 which may be 

 replaced by methyl groups, there being formed a dimethyl-haemato- 

 porphyrin. 



Mesoporphyrin 



This compound was obtained by Nencki and Zaleski 8 by carefully 

 reducing haematoporphyrin. According to Zaleski, 9 mesoporphyrin 

 differs from haematoporphyrin in containing two oxygen atoms less, 

 owing to two hydroxyl groups of hsematoporphyrin having been split 

 off (see p. 465). Hsemato- and meso-porphyrin "show in acid and 

 alkaline, in alcoholic and watery solutions the same general distribu- 

 tion of absorption-bands, and only by examining simultaneously the 

 solutions of hsemato- and meso-porphyrin is it possible to see that in 

 the latter all absorption-bands are shifted somewhat towards the violet 

 end of the spectrum" (Marchlewski). 10 Mesoporphyrin also closely 

 resembles haematoporphyrin as regards ethereal and ordinary salt 

 formations. 



Hsemopyrrol is described by Nencki and Zaleski n (see pp. 51 1, 529). 



Haematinic Acids 



Haematinic acids 12 are described in the various papers of Kiister 

 (see p. 511). 



1 C. A. MacMunn, Proc. Roy. Soc. Land. 31. 211 (1880-81), and Journ. of Physiol. 

 6. 36 (1885), 7. 243, 249 (1886), 1O. 71 (1889). 



2 E. Salkowski, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 15. 286 (1891). 



3 0. Hammarsten, Skandinav. Arch. f. Physiol. 3. 319 (1891). 



4 A. F. Garrod, Journ. of Physiol. 13. 603 (1892) ; 17. 349 (1895). 



5 A. Riva and L. Zoja, Maly's Jahresberichte f. Tierchemie, 24. 673 (1894). 



6 E. Nebelthau, Zeits. f.phys. Chem. 27. 324 (1899). (Full literature is given.) 



7 M. Nencki and J. Zaleski, ibid. 30. 384 (1900). 



8 M. Nencki and J. Zaleski, Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Ges. 34. I. 997 (1901). 



9 J. Zaleski, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 37. 54 (1902). 



10 L. Marchlewski, Anz. Akad. Wiss. Krakan. 1902, April. 



11 M. Nencki and J. Zaleski, Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Ges. 34. I. 997 (1901). 



12 W. Kiister, Liebigs Annalen, 315. 174 (1900) ; M. Kolle, Dissertation, 

 Tubingen, 1898. 



