146 STUDIES ON FERMENTATION. 



after we had sown a quantity of yeast so small as to effect no 

 change at all in the transparency of the liquid contained in the 

 vessel after it had been shaken up. Such a rapidity of vegeta- 

 tion reminded us of those exotic plants which are said to grow 

 several feet in height in the course of twenty-four hours. 



Budding commences in the form of a simple protuberance on 

 the cell — a kind of little boss, as represented in Fig. 26^ No. 1. 



0888 



12 3 4- 



EiG. 26. 

 This protuberance goes on increasing, and assumes a spherical 

 or oval form. At the same time, there is a tendency in the 

 points of attachment in the young cell to meet — a kind of stran- 

 gulation occurs (Fig. 26, No. 2). The junction takes place a 

 little sooner or later, according to the species (Fig. 26, No. 3) ; 

 the two individuals then separate (Fig. 26, No. 4). In certain 

 cases a single cell may give rise to several protuberances, and, 

 consequently, to several daughter-cells. Where there is only 

 one protuberance or bud we generally see it originate at the 

 thick end and a little on one side of the apex of the oval outline, 

 which, in a greater or less degree, characterizes the cells of the 

 majority of ferments. 



Certain authors have maintained that the method of budding 

 which we have just described, and which we think was first 

 j)romulgated by Mitscherlich, is merely an illusion, and that the 

 cells of yeast break up and scatter their granular contents, and 

 that these scattered granules eventually attach themselves to 

 the cells, growing there, and so giving the appearance of buds 

 or daughter-cells. This error has been revived quite recently.* 

 Nothing can be less admissible. We could count the number 



* Schiitzenberger, in his work on " Fermentation," following Dr. de 

 Yaureal. Pans, 1875, p. 278. [See pp. 61, 62 English version in 

 International Scientific Series (H. S. King & Co., London, 1876). 

 This appears to be the only reference to this subject in the English 

 copy.— D. C. E.] 



