INSECT PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL 995 



Treatment. — Apply arsenate of lead to the trees, either with or with- 

 out sweetening, 4 or 5 pounds to 100 gallons, at the time the flies are 

 emerging. Two applications usually necessary. 



Rur. Ent.Bull. 44, pp. 70-75; Cornell AgriculturalExp. Sta. Bull. 325. 



The Codling Moth, or Apple Worm (Carpocapsa pomonella, Linn.). 

 — This is the insect the larva of which is responsible for most of the 

 wormy apples, pears and quinces. The female moths lay their eggs upon 

 the leaves and fruit. The larvae upon hatching begin at once to hunt for 

 the fruit, which they enter mostly through the calyx cup. In spraying 

 it is very necessary to fill this cup with the poison, as it is here that 

 the larvae mostly take their first meal. The time when this first and most 

 important spray should be made is just after the petals have fallen and 

 before the calyx cup closes. In most parts of the country there are two 

 broods of insects, but in the South there may be three and in places 

 even four. 



Treatment. — Spray with arsenate of lead, 4 pounds to 100 gallons, first 

 just as the petals have fallen; second, three to four weeks after the petals 

 have fallen; third, eight to nine weeks after petals have fallen. 



Bur. Ent. Bull. 115, Pts. 1 and 2; Farm. Bull. 492. 



Currant Worm, The Imported (Pteronus ribesii, Scop.)". — This currant 

 worm is the most destructive insect enemy of the currant, but is easily 

 controlled. 



Treatment — At the time the worms begin to appear spray or dust 

 with an arsenical. 



Report of the Conn. State Entomologist, 1902, pp. 170-172. 



The Flat-Headed Apple Tree Borer (Chrysobothris femorata, Fab.). — 

 A larva about one inch long, slightly flattened. The front end much 

 enlarged. It usually attacks trees partly dead or in poor condition, rarely 

 sound trees. As a preventive measure, keep trees healthy by use of 

 fertilizers and thorough cultivation. 



Treatment. — Dig the borers from burrows with sharp instrument. 



Bur. Ent, Cir. 32. 



The Fruit Tree Bark Beetle (Scolytus ruguhsus, Ratz.). — The small 

 dark-brown beetle which bores shot holes in fruit trees of nearly all kinds, 

 like the flat-headed borer, works only in dead or dying wood. As a pre- 

 ventive, keep the trees healthy; clean up all dead wood about orchards; 

 cut out and burn all infested wood. 



Treatment. — No satisfactory treatment is known. 

 Bur. Ent. Cir. 29, Revised. 



The Gipsy Moth (Porthetria dispar, Linn.). — The gipsy moth, like the 

 brown-tail, is a serious enemy of forest and fruit trees. Egg masses are 

 deposited in the fall on trunks of trees, on fences or wherever a roughened 

 surface can be found. They hatch in the spring and the larvae feed on the 

 foliage of various trees. 



Treatment, — Hunt out the egg masses in winter time and soak with 



