INSECT PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL 1003 



Treatment. — Spray with arsenate of lead at the rate of 8 or 10 pounds 

 to 100 gallons of water, to which is added 1 or 2 gallons of cheap molasses. 



Bur. Ent. Bull. 97, Pt. 3. 



Round-Headed Apple Tree Borer (Saperda Candida, Fab.).— The 

 adult of the round-headed borer is a handsome striped beetle. It lays its 

 eggs on the bark at the base of apple trees and the young grubs eat through 

 and enter the wood. Their presence can be detected by dark areas or 

 discolored places on the bark and usually by the presence of small chips 

 or frass worked out through the holes. 



Treatment. — When the borer is located it should be removed with a 

 sharp knife. Many washes and protectors have been tried to prevent 

 injury from this insect. White lead has been strongly recommended for 

 this purpose. 



Bur. Ent, Cir. 32, Farm. Bull. 675. 



The San Jose Scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus, Comst.). — This insect 

 has a wide distribution throughout the country and is a serious enemy of 

 fruit trees in many states. The scale is nearly circular in outline and about 

 the size of the head of a pin. When it is plentiful upon trees it becomes 

 encrusted on the trunk and branches, giving the tree a scurfy appearance. 

 The insect under the protecting scale feeds by sucking the sap of the tree, 

 so a contact insecticide is necessary for its control. 



Treatment. — Spray the trees during the dormant season with concen- 

 trated lime-sulphur giving a Baume test of 33°, diluted at the rate of 1 

 gallon to 8 or 9 of water. The so-called miscible oils (mineral oils which 

 have been so treated that they may be readily mixed with water) are also 

 used successfully. 

 Bur. Ent. Bull. 62. 



REFERENCES 



"Inserts Injurious to the Household and Annoying to Man." Henick. 



"Injurious Insects: How to Recognize and Control." O'Kane. 



"Manual of Fruit Insects." Slingerland and Crosby. 



"Insects Injurious to Vegetables." Chittenden. 



"Manual for Study of Insects." Comstock. 



"American Insects." Kellogg. 



"Insect Pests of Farm, Garden and Orchard." Sanderson. 



California Expt. Station Bulletin 255. "The Citricola Scale." 



California Expt. Station Bulletin 258. "Mealy Bugs of Citrus Tree." 



Connecticut Expt. Station Bulletin 186. "Gipsy Moth." 



Iowa Expt, Station Bulletin 162. "Strawberry Slugs." 



Illinois Expt. Station Bulletin 174. "Method for Controlling Melon Lice." 



Maine Expt. Station Bulletin 242. "Pink and Green Aphid of Potato." 



Missouri Expt. Station Bulletin 134. "Insect Pests of Field Crops." 



New Jersey Expt. Station Circular 43. "Hessian Fly." 



New York Expt. Station Bulletin 402. "Controlling Plant Lice in Apple Orchard." 



Ohio Expt. Station Bulletins: 



154. "Important Greenhouse Pests." 



264. "Orchard Bark Beetles and Borers." 

 Utah Expt. Station Bulletin 138. "Control of Grasshoppers." 

 Canadian Dept. of Agriculture Bulletins: 



150. "Common Fungous and Insect Pests," 



