HISTOIUCAL NOTE. 25 



22. 



In the latter years of the MINI, dynasty tobacco cultivation and tobacco- 



when introduced. 



were introduced into China from the Philippine Islands. Here the Spaniards 

 had settled, and they were in constant commiinicat ion with America. The tobacco 

 plant crossed the Pacific and flourished in the neighbourhood of Manila. The first 

 pla.-e in China where it was planted was at Ainov ; it was brought there by Fuhkien 

 sailors trading < Manila. In the work above cited under the name Wu-li-hsiao- 

 xltili, written about A.D. 1650, we are told that tobacco was brought to China 

 about A.I). Ii'rjo, which would be about the same time that King JAMES I's 

 ','-,-1,1, ist ti) T'.bacco was being circulated in England as a new publication. 

 Tobacco was called the "smoke plant" or tampaku, or tan-pu-kuei (Jf / 9). 



In the time of the last MING Emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1644, Pn.hit.it i. .n .1 



tobMco-nnt.king. 



tobacoo-amoking was 'prohibited, but the habit spread too rapidly to be checked by 

 law. The origin of Opium-smoking is thus accounted for. Various ingredients were 

 in various countries mixed with tobacco to try their effect; among them was Opium. 

 another ingredient, which is still used by the Chinese in what is called 

 " water tobacco." 



The Manchus now took the place of the MING dynasty. There is a historical Mncim |,mi,ii.i. 



tii.ll III toljMCO- 



lied the Tung-hua-hi QK $ ft), which gives the events of the first century oking. 

 >t Munclm rule in the form of a chronicle. In the year 1641 there is in this book 

 an account of an edict which has reference to tobacco. The Emperor asks the princes 

 and high officers, "Why do you not lead the soldiers yourselves in the practice of 

 archery ? The elder youths should practise the horn-bow and winged arrow ; the 

 younger should be skilled in using the wooden bow and willow-twig arrow. Our 

 dynasty in military exercises makes archery the chief thing. To smoke tobacco is 

 a fault, but not so great a fault as to neglect bow exercise. As to the prohibition of 



tobacco-s king, it became impossible to maintain it, because you princes and others 



smoked privately, though not publicly; but as to the use of the bow, this must 

 not he neglected." The edicts afterwards promulgated against Opium were just as 



4 



