III. PRIME MOVERS. 449 



1928z. Measuring Apparatus, with Micrometer Screw, 



for taking end measures. 



1928aa. Model of Garnet's Patent Friction Hollers. 



192 8bb. Model used for Testing Pressure due to 

 Vacuum. 



1928cc. Model of Valve with Universal Joint. 



1928dd. Brass Model in two Pieces. 



1928ee. Model used in experiments on Governor. 



1928ff. Experimental Model. 



1928gg. Experimental Model. 



1928hh. Experimental Model. 



1928ii. Original Model of Cylinder with separate 

 Condenser. 



1828jj. Model of Surface Condenser. 



III. PRIME MOVERS. 

 a. STATIONARY ENGINES. 



2019d. Papin's Steam Cylinder. 



Royal Museum, Cassel (Director, Dr. Pinder). 



This cast-iron cylinder was to have formed part of a large pumping 

 engine, which, however, was never completed. The object was to supply a 

 canal at the level of Hofgeismar with water, whereby the Landgraf Charles 

 hoped to draw the traffic of the Weser to Cassel. An explosion which took 

 place in Papin's laboratory when the Landgraf was contemplating a visit, led 

 to the bold investigator withdrawing from the influence of his enemies. He 

 came to England (1707), but did not succeed with his plans, and died in 

 poverty. Papin's sketch of his contemplated pumping engine is exhibited 

 with the cylinder. It was a peculiar combination of the Savery engine and 

 the piston engine recommended by Papin for other purposes. In the closed 

 boiler A (with safety-valve of Papin's design) , steam was generated, which (on 

 opening the cock C) could pass through pipe B to cylinder D. Here it 

 pressed down the close fitting piston or float E which rested on water that 

 had been supplied through the funnel I from a reservoir. The water was 

 thus forced into the chamber F ; its return was prevented by a valve at H ; 

 and the steam-cock C being now shut and the condensed steam allowed to 

 escape from the upper part of D, water from the reservoir was admitted 

 anew, and the process repeated. The water raised into F could be further 

 directed through the tube G. Papin proposed to add to the effect by 

 introducing red hot irons through the opening in the cover of the cylinder D. 

 Of the two cylinders it is probably D that is exhibited. 



40075. F f 



