THE OX AND THE DAIRY. 123 



Mr. Parkinson has a different calculation : he considers the 

 quantity of butter as amounting to one hundred and eighty- 

 four Ibs. ; which, at one shilling per lb., will return 9 4s. ; 

 a hog, 2 ; the calf, 15s. ; and the skim-milk cheese from 

 2 5s. to 2 15s. Total, about 15 18s. 



Perhaps the medium between these two statements approxi- 

 mates to the truth. Mr. Youatt says that fifty thousand firkins 

 of butter are sent to London each year from Suffolk ; but we 

 do not know on what grounds he made his estimate. 



When dried, the Suffolk polled cow acquires a good con- 

 dition with considerable rapidity, and fattens to forty or forty- 

 five stones ; the meat is of good quality that, indeed, of the 

 ox very superior. 



Besides the polled cattle we have here noticed, varieties 

 destitute of horns occur, which confessedly belong to a horned 

 race, and must not be considered as distinct. For instance, 

 there are polled Devonshire cattle, or nats, as they are termed, 

 which, in all points, the horns excepted, exhibit the characters 

 of that breed. There are polled cattle of the short-horned or 

 Yorkshire breed : the fact is, as we have before intimated, 

 there are polled cattle of most breeds ; the absence of horns 

 is a mere accidental defect, rendered hereditary by the inter- 

 breeding of the cattle thus deficient ; but these cattle, never 

 theless, often exhibit a tendency to the development of their 

 natural horns, and, indeed, show more than rudiments of them ; 

 so that it would be easy to extract a horned from a polled 

 stock. Hence, then, we regard the distinction between polled 

 cattle and others as arbitrary, or to be made only for con 

 venience, unless there are other grounds of separation. 



Vast numbers of pure Galloways, and many Welsh and Irish 

 cattle, are fed in Suffolk : short-horns have been also intro- 

 duced, and some Devons are also to be seen. Norfolk and 

 Suffolk are both great turnip counties. 



We may now turn to the breed of cattle known under the 

 title of short-horns, a breed which, irrespective of the form or 

 length of the horns, has good claims to be regarded as consti- 

 tuting a distinct variety, and which, by the judicious exertions 

 of various cultivators, has been elevated to a state of high 

 perfection. 



THE SHORT-HORNED BREED. This breed, called by many 

 the Dutch breed, and believed to be originally from Holland, 

 has been long known in the counties of Durham and York 



