THE OX AND THE DAIRY. ] 27 



an ox, near Lincoln, of this breed, that for true form and 

 nice handling exceeded any bullock I ever remember to have 

 seen." 



With respect to* the milking properties of these cattle, the 

 same writer states that there are instances of cows giving 

 thirty-six quarts of milk per day, and of forty-eight firkins of 

 butter being made from a dairy of twelve cows during the 

 season ; but the general quantity is twenty-four quarts of milk 

 per day, and three firkins of butter, from a cow. 



The improvement in the short-horns, which commenced on 

 the banks of the Tees, under the superintendence of spirited 

 individuals, not only continued progressive, but extended its 

 influence around. By what crosses the Teeswater strain 

 became established it is scarcely possible to say ; there is, we 

 believe, some reason for thinking that one was with the semi- 

 wild white breed, and another with choice cattle imported 

 directly from Holland. Be this as it may, the Teeswater stock 

 became celebrated, though still not perfect, the oxen being 

 often extravagantly large, and sometimes not true in their 

 proportions. We hear of an ox bred by Mr. Milbank, which, 

 when slaughtered, at five years old, weighed (the four quarters) 

 150 stones, of fourteen pounds to the stone, producing six- 

 teen stones of tallow ; and of a cow, killed at the age of twelve 

 years, which weighed upwards of 110 stones. It was reserved 

 for Mr. C. Collings to accomplish the perfection of the Tees- 

 water breed, already so excellent. It was by accident that 

 this experienced breeder became possessed of a young bull 

 (a calf when Mr. Collings purchased him), in which he dis- 

 covered qualities adapted, as he thought, and as it proved, to 

 elevate the strain. This bull he named Hubback ; he was 

 smaller than the generality of the Teeswater cattle, of excel- 

 lent contour, and with an extraordinary propensity to fatten, 

 insomuch that his utility as a bull was limited to a short 

 period. From this bull descended a renowned stock ; he was 

 the sire of the dam of the celebrated bull Foljambe, and Fol- 

 jambe was the sire both of the sire and dam of Favourite, the 

 sire of the " Durham Ox," which, in February 1801, was sold 

 for public exhibition. In improving his breed, Mr. C. Col- 

 lings had recourse to a single cross with the polled Galloway ; 

 he then bred back to the short-horns, and the result was a 

 stock called the Alloy, at first in contempt, but afterwards by 

 way of distinction. His cross w T as between a short-horned 

 bull, called Bolingbroke, and a beautiful red Galloway cow, 



