THE OX AND THE DAIRY. 



medicine may consist of six drachms of Barbadoes aloes, six 

 ounces of Epsom salts, two drachms of ginger, and a quart of 

 thin gruel. Another, perhaps, generally speaking, to be pre- 

 ferred, may be made with eight ounces of Epsom salts, eight 

 ounces of olive oil or linseed oil, and a quart of thin gruel. 



RED WATER AND BLACK WATER 



This disease must not be confounded with acute inflam- 

 mation of the kidneys, attended by hemorrhage, which tinges 

 the water with blood. Eed water is indeed so called from the 

 colour of the urine, and we have stated that such is its colour, 

 in cases of retention of food in the manyplus, and in wood- 

 evil ; but it is very doubtful whether the colour, in these 

 diseases, is at all owing to the presence of blood. Mr. K. 

 Thompson attributes it to the absorption of vitiated bile, 

 which, passing into the blood, stains all the secretions ; and 

 this opinion is corroborated by the fact that, in red water at 

 least, the liver is enlarged, inflamed, sometimes rotten, and 

 the gall-bladder distended with thick dark bile. This is the 

 view taken by most veterinary surgeons of the present day ; 

 and, as Mr. Spooner observes, it is " supported both by an 

 analysis of the urine, and an examination of the viscera, in 

 fatal cases." 



As to the connexion of red water with disorder of the many- 

 plus, we have the express testimony of many experienced 

 practitioners. Mr. Youatt says, " The manyplus is perfectly 

 dry; baking could hardly add to the hardness ; were it not for 

 its weight it might be kicked about as a football. The leaves 

 of the manyplus cling to the food contained between them ; 

 the papillae leave their evident indentations on the hardened 

 mass ; and that mass cannot be detached without considerable 

 portions of the cuticle clinging to it. The fourth stomach is 

 empty, and the lining membrane covered with brown mucus, 

 exhibiting patches of inflammation underneath .... The 

 kidney is of a yellowish brown colour, and sometimes a little 

 enlarged ; but there is rarely any inflammation or disease 

 about it." He adds, that the lungs have a yellow tinge, and 

 the fluid in the pericardium is yellow, the chyle in the lacteals 

 yellow, the skin dark yellow, and also the conjunctiva of the 

 eye. These are symptoms of jaundice. 



Mr. White (late veterinary surgeon of the First Dragoons) 

 states that, after a careful examination, he is of opinion that 

 red water originates in weakness of the stomach, from feeding 



