STANDARDS OF FEEDING. 3 



what is in fact an actual heat. Their direct action in the for- 

 mation of fat is not as yet satisfactorily understood. The non- 

 nitrogenous substances combine with the excess of oxygen re- 

 maining after the combustion of the products of dissimilation of 

 the tissues, and these also give animal heat. They are the 

 substances which form the fat. 



If the quantity of nitrogenous substances is greater than is 

 necessary to make good the losses of the tissues, and if the 

 quantity, of non-nitrogenous substances is greater than that 

 which has been burned by the oxygen absorbed by the blood, 

 what remains is deposited as adipose tissue. The transforma- 

 tion of nitrogenous substances, in cases of insufficiency in the 

 supply of non-nitrogenous substances, becomes a source of sup- 

 plementary heat, and thus forms an additional factor towards 

 the supply of the non-nitrogenous substances, which have been 

 deficient; then follows a carbonation when brought in contact 

 with the oxygen of the blood, instead of forming muscular tis- 

 sues, which is their real function. 



If one accepts the standards now generally admitted for Standards of 

 nitrogenous substances, their nutritive value is 3.5 times supe- feeding, 

 rior to that of the non-nitrogenous substances, and such being 

 the case one can readily understand the mistake made in fool- 

 ishly wasting material that is in reality of great value in 

 obtaining the result which it is possible to realize at less expense 

 with the non-nitrogenous substances. Under all circumstances 

 animals should receive a proportion of nitrogenous and non- 

 nitrogenous constituents, such that the substances requisite for 

 the production of heat shall be reduced to a minimum, as it is 

 only then that these constituents can perform the work asked of 

 them in the repair of the waste of muscular tissues. The 

 amount of non-nitrogenous substances should be sufficient to 

 produce the fatty tissues besides exercising other valuable 

 functions. 



The excess of nutrients which may be utilized in either of 

 these ways is eliminated from the body without any benefit to 

 it. The best results are obtained in giving to an animal the 

 greatest amount of dry matter that can be assimilated, while at 

 the same time the minimum limit of nutritive substances 



