VI PREFACE. 



lories, when the inferior quality of the beets caused their 

 refusal at the factory ; discouragement followed and many of 

 the farmers cancelled their contracts and turned their attention 

 in other directions. It was not long before it was realized that 

 while $4.00 to $5.00 per ton could not be obtained at the factory 

 for roots testing less than 10 per cent, sugar, on the other hand 

 for feeding purposes they would be worth at least $3.50 as 

 shown by the increase in milk, butter, etc. Some farmers have 

 gone so far in this direction as to devote a certain area to beets 

 every year since that time, while the Canadian factories that 

 were working in 1883 have now ceased to exist. During the 

 interval of twenty years sugar beets have continued to be fed 

 with excellent results in certain districts of Canada. In the 

 United States root feeding to cattle is not as general as it should 

 be and the farmers have thus wasted an opportunity. Gen- 

 eral information in regard to pulp feeding has been wanting, 

 so it was considered urgent to visit most of the European farms 

 and examine the question on the spot, and this present volume 

 has been the result of that investigation. Of recent years in 

 Continental Europe molasses feeding to cattle has gained in 

 popularity. All the available documents on the subject in both 

 French and German have been consulted and the practical re- 

 sults where this residuum has been regularly fed have been per- 

 sonally observed. Sugar may be had at such a low figure that 

 it is interesting to examine just within what limit it also may 

 be used for cattle. The theory of cattle feeding and requisites 

 for success as considered from the standpoint of the leading 

 German authorities such as Wolff and Ku'hn, have been studied 

 in detail, also the theories of many of the French savants upon 

 the same subject. As the U. S. Department of Agriculture at 

 Washington and the numerous experiment stations of the 

 country have devoted considerable time to cattle feeding, their 

 publications have been consulted and from them certain conclu- 

 sions have been drawn that are not always in strict accordance 

 with the theories of some of their experts. The results of the 

 writer's personal practical experience is- also given in these pages. 

 As many technical terms are used there is given as Part VI a 

 special chapter of definitions and technical considerations, 



