SHELTER. 31 



tain amount of albumin of the fodder is not destroyed and in- 

 fluences the flow of milk. It is important to call attention to a 

 series of investigations in which the animals had suitable 

 amounts of oil cake, etc., added to their ration, so that the 

 daily consumption of fat was about one pound, and the total 

 production of milk remained almost unchanged; furthermore, 

 there followed a slight reduction of fat in the milk, accom- 

 panied by a greater dilution, and consequently a decrease in 

 the percentage of solid matter. On the other hand, Kiihn's 

 experiments show that it is possible to add one pound of fat 

 and thus secure an increased flow of one pint of milk, while the 

 fat percentage of the latter remained about the same. Experi- 

 ments upon goats differed somewhat from these, and it is 

 difficult to determine just within what limits conclusions of 

 this kind have a bearing upon cows. Experiments of Weiske 

 show that sheep that had been fed with 0.5 kilos hay, 0.5 kilos 

 barley, and 1 kilo beets, did not yield more milk than with a 

 ration of grass ad libitum to which was added 0.5 barley and 

 0.25 kilos flaxseed meal, but the percentage of fat increased 

 from 5 to 6.4 per cent. 



When cows are fed exclusively upon hay, the yield of milk 

 per diem will decrease rapidly, but the percentage of dry mat- 

 ter in the milk will increase. 



Essentials for Successful Dairying. 



The question of shelter varies in importance to the animal Shelter, 

 being fed; for steers it never means as much as it does for milch 

 cows. When the temperature in the stable is below 50 F., 

 there is a decline in the milk production, and in view of this 

 question, it is difficult to undertake profitable dairying on a 

 limited capital. 



Experience seems to show that for 1000 Ibs. live weight, there 

 are needed 1000 cu. ft. of air, and in combination with this, 

 ample ventilation and no draught. It stands to reason that if 

 the air is not pure, the quality of the milk will suffer. Just as 

 light plays an important role in the healthy condition of man 

 so it does with cattle and too much attention cannot be given 

 to all these hygienic questions. 



