GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. 45 



into great detail as to the cost of the ration per diem. With 

 pressed cossettes from the factory a very important portion of 

 the nutrients is obtained at a comparatively low figure. In the 

 case we have supposed, the 450 Ibs. of w^heat middlings and 50 

 Ibs. of linseed meal per diem w r ould have to be purchased, and 

 should be on hand as soon as possible. It means the purchase 

 of 450 x 200 or 90,000 Ibs. with 10,000 Ibs. linseed meal, the 

 latter costing not more than $20 a ton and the former $18 per 

 ton. The money outlay for the farmer is certainly less than 

 81,000, from which he has 10,000 rations, meaning 10 cents per 

 ration. As the cossettes are had free or at a cost of 50 cents 

 per ton, they enter into the ration for less than one cent. As 

 the beets cost the farmer at least $3.00 a ton, they enter the 

 ration for less than two cents. All facts considered, the daily 

 ration consisting of 4 Ibs. clover hay, 7 Ibs. oat straw, 44 Ibs. 

 sugar-beet cossettes and 15 Ibs. of beets should cost less than 13 

 to 14 cents per diem. 



The feeding of steers, lambs, etc., offers no difficulty; if their 

 rations consist of dried or siloed cossettes, or even of the various 

 molasses or sugar fodders, the calculation is done in exactly the 

 same manner. The standard ration for each animal differs. 

 The question of economy in the use of the by-fodder added 

 must be separately calculated, and would take us beyond the 

 limits of the present writing. 



Sheep Feeding. 



The beet pulp utilization has given an enormous impulse to General con- 

 sheep raising in the United States. Xo less than three instances sWeratl ' ons - 

 may be cited in which the lots are 30,000 each, hence the im- 

 portance of having a general outline of the requirements for the 

 successful care-taking of these annuals at various periods of- 

 their growth. As the milk of ewes is seldom used for man in 

 thjs country, its characteristics need not be discussed for the 

 present. Several of our experimental stations have taken up 

 the question of comparing the results obtained in lamb feed- 

 ing with cows' milk and with regular rations made up of 

 various feeding stuffs, and decided in favor of the milk. As 

 milch cows are usually fed in large number with residuum beet 



