SURFACE SILOING. 



169 



whereby the water draining from the cossettes may be easily and 

 quickly carried off. The planks should, therefore, set well up 

 from the ground and be far enough apart to leave a crack be- 

 tween them after they have swelled with the contact with moist- 

 ure from the cossettes." This silo may be made of any desired 

 size. One used by a well-known feeder is 600 feet long, 50 feet 

 deep, 20 feet wide at the base and 80 feet wide at the top. The 

 bottom only is planked, and has gutterways under the floor, so 

 as to thoroughly drain the cossettes. The silo is filled by 

 means of carriers bringing the residuum directly from the sugar 

 factory to the upper part of the silo when the carrier is dumped. 

 In the small silo shown in the figure the filling can be done by 

 driving the wagon alongside the top of the silo and shoveling 

 the cossettes into it. Satisfactory results have been obtained in 

 France with the wood-built silo shown in Fig. 13. 



FIG. 12. 



-& 



Silo Formed by Excavating Hillside. 



Just within what limits this is suitable to our cold climate 

 experiments alone can determine; on the other hand, for Cali- 

 fornia, the method would be excellent. Silos of this type are 

 90 to 100 feet long by 12 to 16 feet wide and 3 feet 6 inches in 

 height. The bottom is made of stones placed on end, with 

 sufficient grade to carry off the water from the mass of pulp 

 into lateral drains communicating with a special manure pit. 

 Wooden posts, seven inches square, penetrating the ground at 

 least 12 inches, are placed vertically at intervals of six feet; these 

 are held in position horizontally by iron bars J inch in diameter, 

 which overcome any lateral pressure. 



