RATIONAL APPLIANCES LED TO POOR RESULTS. 177 



It has frequently been suggested that for the drying of Utilization of 

 cossettes, the lost heat from the various appliances of sugar lost h * at for 

 factories should be used. Investigations in this direction have 

 been centered upon the utilization of the supposed latent heat, 

 but up to the present time the results obtained have been by no 

 means encouraging. 



On the other hand, many experts have denied the existence 

 of stored-up heat of evaporation, because they believed that in 

 order to evaporate the water of the heated cossettes in the fur- 

 nace it was sufficient to circulate air in the drier, which, owing 

 to its natural hygroscopic power, would become supercharged 

 with the watery vapor. A fact that has been apparently over- 

 looked is that a complete realization of this phenomenon would 

 have necessitated a supplementary expenditure of caloric. 

 Finally, experiments were made to utilize the caloric contained 

 in the water evaporated, in the same way as this is realized in 

 evaporating appliances, such as triple and multiple effects as 

 used in the sugar factories. The substance here dealt with is, 

 unfortunately, not as fluid as is beet juice, and all facts con- 

 sidered it is difficult to arrange an apparatus, or combination 

 of appliances, that would meet all the numerous demands of 

 beet cossette drying. The transfering of the cossettes from one 

 receptacle to another cannot be accomplished with the same 

 ease as is possible when handling liquids. In order to over- 

 come this difficulty it has been proposed to reduce cossettes to 

 a sort of paste. Furthermore, the cossettes have not the same 

 contact with the heating surface of the evaporator as is possessed 

 by liquids, and the co-efficient of heat transmission falls very 

 low. The multiple effect mode of desiccation would demand 

 appliances of a stupendous size. 



. All efforts to apply the rational principles of economy in this Rational appli- 

 operation of cossette drying have failed, and, strange as it may ances led to 

 seem, the most irrational apparatus yet devised has apparently P or resu|ts 

 led to the most practical results. The rational application of 

 heat, based upon the principle of counter currents, in which 

 the cossettes will come in contact with gases of an increasing 

 temperature, was not successful, for the simple reason that the 

 residuum was burned. 

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