CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT STATION. 221 



much. On this basis the fertilizing value of the manure would 

 be about 80 cents (three-fourths of the potash and phosphoric 

 acid and one-fourth of the nitrogen). This added to the value 

 as food, $1.58, increases the net value to $2.38 and the differ- 

 ence (73 cents) between this sum and the fertilizing value, is 

 fully made up in the green manurial value of the vegetable 

 matter in the tops." The California station does not recom- 

 mend the tops for dairies that supply milk to be consumed as 

 such on account of the bitter taste imparted to the milk. " Ex- 

 periments in feeding sugar-beet cossettes were not numerous, 

 but the herd fed during a period of ten weeks showed that when 

 no beet pulp was used, the cows ate on an average about 20 Ibs. 

 of hay per head daily in addition to 8 Ibs. of grain, while when 

 eating beet pulp, the daily consumption of hay varied from 6 to 

 10 Ibs. The beet pulp seemed to impart no foreign or disagree- 

 able flavor to the milk. The milk was delivered daily to cus- 

 tomers in Berkeley and no complaint was made. The effect of 

 the pulp upon the flow of milk was on the whole beneficial. 

 Most of the cows were decreasing in yield up to the time when 

 we began to feed beet pulp, after which all increased in quan- 

 tity, and continued to hold out well until the beet pulp was ex- 

 hausted when there was a noticeable decrease." The official 

 report of the notes upon dairying in California says pulp has a 

 tendency to fatten and is given to beef cattle without any other 

 food, but for milch cows its effect is found to be best when used 

 with a little grain or hay. Without the latter it is supposed to 

 produce a thin and watery milk. When pulp is fed in consid- 

 erable quantity the animals do not care for water and may go 

 for months without drink. A feeder who has been using this by- 

 product for several years complains that when his cows have 

 been fed for a long time on pulp their calves are likely to come 

 weak and troubled with sores. 



In Nebraska the subject of feeding beet pulps to cattle is being 

 very generally agitated, and farmers who have given the matter 

 a trial are pleased with the results obtained. The fact that very 

 little cotton-seed meal, oil cake, etc., is used in rations for 

 milch cows does not prove that these are not beneficial. Many 

 other by-products may take their place when heavy feeding is 



