MICHIGAN EXPERIMENT STATION. 227 



Ibs. of hay and 186.6 Ibs. of grain. . . . The gain with the 

 pulp-fed steers up was 2,815 Ibs. or 93.8 Ibs. per steer, while 

 without pulp the twenty steers gained 1,120 Ibs. or 56 Ibs. per 

 steer. . . . To carry a steer through thirteen weeks of winter, 

 simply keeping the animal thrifty and growing, without an 

 attempt to make the gains made in the interval pay for the 

 feeds, required per steer 5.024 Ibs. of pulp with 775.7 Ibs. of 

 mixed hay, 356 Ibs. of shredded stover and 224 Ibs. of grain. 

 Without the pulp, it required per animal 275 Ibs. more hay 

 and 364 Ibs. more stover. Taking these figures as a basis, and 

 remembering that each pulp-fed steer gained 67 Ibs. more in 

 weight in the thirteen weeks, it is possible to estimate the value 

 of the pulp as a factor in a ration designed to carry steers 

 through the winter cheaply, if that form of cattle feeding is ever 

 desired. The director of the Michigan station, discussing these 

 results, says : "It required per day and steer with the pulp-fed 

 lot 55 Ibs. of pulp, 8.5 Ibs. mixed hay, 4 Ibs. of shredded corn 

 stover and 2.4 Ibs. ground grain. On this ration the steers 

 made an average daily gain of 1.42 Ibs. The lot receiving no 

 pulp had for a daily ration 11.5 Ibs. of mixed hay, 8 Ibs. of 

 shredded corn stover and 2.4 Ibs. of grain, and made a daily 

 gain of 0.684 Ibs. Comparing the amounts of food consumed 

 by each pen, to produce a hundred pounds of gain, and com- 

 puting from this data the value of a ton of pulp as an additional 

 succulent fodder, the tests show that under the conditions exist- 

 ing, a ton of pulp, fed with the other factors of the ration took 

 the place of 421.5 pounds of corn stover, 274 pounds of mixed 

 hay and 68.8 Ibs. of grain. 



The experiments at the Pearl farm are of equal interest. In 

 this case a herd of twenty steers were divided into two lots, to 

 one of which was given a ration of mint hay, wheat bran, and 

 corn meal, while to the other lot was given the same ration and 

 beet pulp in addition. The pulp-fed steers made an average 

 daily gain of 2.52 Ibs., while the steers which had no pulp 

 made a daily gain of 1.84 Ibs. Consequently a ton of pulp 

 took the place of 244 Ibs. of mint hay, 32.6 Ibs. of wheat bran, 

 296 Ibs. of corn meal and 27.2 Ibs. of oats. It is interesting to 

 recall the experiments in feeding dairy cows in the winter of 



