CLASSIFIED INDEX. 165 



ALAUDIDM (LARKS). 



Head crested; bill cylindrical, mostly short, -with, tip entire; 

 nostrils oblong, at base of bill, concealed by feathers and bristles 

 directed forward ; wings very long, primaries ten, first primary spurious 

 or apparently wanting ; wing-coverts short ; tarsus longer than middle 

 toe, covered before and behind with transverse scutes ; outer toes 

 conjoined at base only, hind claw considerably lengthened, straight 

 or slightly curved. 



Alauda arborea, WOODLARK, III. 1 



Alauda arvensis (A. vulgaris). SKYLARK, III. 53 



Otocorys alpestris (Alauda alpestris, A. cornuta), SHORE LARK, IV. 89 



EMBERIZIDJZ (BUNTINGS). 



Bill rather flattened above, straight, edges waved, commissure 

 angulated, a hard knob on palate of upper mandible, lower mandible 

 laterally compressed so as to form a sort of anvil for this knob; 

 nostrils partly hidden by short feathers ; wings pendent and pointed, 

 with nine primaries; tarsus moderate, scaled, hind toe longer than 

 inner. 



Eniberiza cirlus, CTRL BUNTING, IV. 13 

 Emberiza citrinella, YELLOW-HAMMER, II. 117 

 Emberiza miliaria, COMMON BUNTING, II. 113 



Euspiza melanocephala (Emberiza schoeniclus), BLACK-HEADED BUN- 

 TING, IV. 65 



FRINGILLID^ (FINCHES). 



Bill very short, abruptly conical, and robust, commissure strongly 

 angulated at base of bill ; wings long and pointed, with nine primaries ; 

 tarsus short, and scutellated in front, the sides with two undivided 

 plates meeting behind along the median line as a sharp posterior ridge. 



Carduelis elegans (Fringilla carduelis), GOLDFINCH, I. 1 



Carduelis spinus (Fringilla spinus), SISKIN, I. 85 



Coccothraustes chloris (Fringilla chloris), GREENFINCH, I. 89 



Coccothraustes vulgaris (Loxia coccothraustes), HAWFINCH, IV. 17 



Fringilla ccelebs, CHAFFINCH, I. 17 



Fnngilla montifringilla, BRAMBLING, IV. 45 



Linota cannabina (Fringilla linota), LINNET, I. 25 



Linota rufescens (Fringilla linaria, Linaria minor), EEDPOLL, I. 61 



Loxia curvirostra, CROSSBILL, I. 141 



Passer domesticus (Fringilla domestica), HOUSE SPARROW, I. 41 



Passer montanus, TREE SPARROW, IV. 41 



Pyrrhula europcea (Loxia pyrrhula, Pyrrhula vulgaris), BULL- 

 PINCH, I. 9. 



