TOOLS AND TIIEIR USES. 31 



To the joist, or head, nail strips t\vo inches wide, pro- 

 jecting six inches, and slightly sharpened at the ends. Two 

 markers are requisite, on one of which set the strips or 

 teeth, ten inches apart on one side, and fifteen inches on 

 the reverse. On the other set the teeth on opposite sides, 

 twelve and eighteen inches apart. 



By this plan four markers are combined in two, and 

 facilities are afforded for marking rows ten, twelve, fifteen, 

 and eighteen inches apart, or the spaces may be varied to 

 suit. 



A more durable marker can be made by having light, 

 flat iron teeth, but in this case the frame must not be so 

 heavy, and the whole may be iron-braced. 



In marking rows, first draw the line straight at one 

 side of the bed, and walking backwards, draw the marker 

 along, keeping the outer tooth nearly up to the line ; then 

 set the outer tooth in the inner mark, and return, and so 

 continue until the land is finished. 



By care, a broad bed can thus be marked out, and the 

 rows all be straight, by once stretching the line. These 

 markers can be used for wide planting, as, for instance, 

 cabbages at thirty inches ; use the fifteen inch side and 

 plant the alternate rows. 



Dibble. The best dibble or implement for transplant- 

 ing can be easily made from a natural bent limb of a tree 

 apple generally affording the best. It should be ten 

 inches long, with the crook for the handle four inches 

 more ; the main part one and a half inch in diameter 

 at the centre, and from there gradually tapering to a 

 point, which should bo lightly ironed and the whole made 

 smooth. This style is far preferable to the old one, made 

 from the upper part of a spade-handle. 



Seed-Sowers. These are very useful, doing the work 

 easier, quicker, and in most cases better than by hand. 

 They are regulated generally by changeable slides, con- 



