MENISPERMACE&. 



13 



Chasmanthera Columba. 



flowers, fruits, and vegetative organs are quite those of the 

 preceding species. Tinospora 1 has also free stamens with all the 

 other characters of C. Columba, only the anther-cells are more lateral or 

 even slightly introrse ; a detail which is certainly not of a kind to 

 allow us to make Tinospora anything more than a section of the 

 genus Chasmantliera. This, so constituted, 2 

 contains some twelve species, found in the 

 east and west of Tropical Africa and in 

 Tropical Asia. 3 



The American plant called Calycocarpum 

 Lyoni* has nearly the female flowers and 

 fruit of Chasmanthera ; but its male flowers 

 differ, 5 usually possessing over six, and 

 even as many as twelve stamens, with 

 elongated basifixed introrse anthers, opening by two longitudinal 

 clefts. The leaves are large and palmatilobed, cordate at the base. 

 The flowers form lax elongated, axillary supra-axillary or lateral, 

 compound racemes. , 



Next to these genera come four others which have the same 

 general organization and embryos with divaricating cotyledons : 

 Tinomiscium, Odontocarya, Fibraurea and Burasaia. 



Of Tinomiscium* two species are known, one Indian, 7 the other 

 Javanese; 8 their calyx has three or four verticils ; the fruit is com- 

 pressed, apiculated by the scar of the apical style, possessing a 

 stone whose inner surface is flat, with a straight, internal pro- 

 minence. 



Fig. 17. 

 Male flower (f). 



Sect. 4. 



1 Miees, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vii. 38 ; 

 ser. 3, xiii. 486.— B. H., Gen., 34, 960, n. 5.— 

 H. Bn., in Adansonia, ix. 306. 



2 



rl. Fuchasmanthera. 

 Chasmanthera. \ 2. Jateorhiza. 

 3. Colombo. 

 [4. Tinospora. 

 3 Wight, Icon., t. 485, 486 {Tinospora). — 

 Gr/iLL. & Pere., Fl. Sen. Tent., i. 12, t. 4 

 {Cocculus). — Miees, in Hook. Niger, 212, t. 

 18; in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vii. 38 {Tino- 

 spora, Jateorhiza); ser. 3, xiii. 132 [Jateorhiza), 

 315 [Tinospora), 486 {Chasmanthera). — Thw., 

 Fnum. PI. Zeyl., 12.— Olit., Fl. Trop. Afr., i. 

 40-43.— Bot. Mag., t. 2970.— Waxp., Rep., v. 

 18 {Chasmanthera) ; Ann., ii. 21 {Jateorhiza); 

 iv. 124 {Tinospora). 



4 Nutt., ex Toeb. & Ge., Fl. N. Amer., i. 

 48.— A. Geat, Gen. III., t. 30.— B. H., Gen., 

 35, 961, n. 8.— Chapm., Fl. S. Unit. St., 16.— 

 Miees, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, xiii. 50. — 

 Walp., Ann., ii. 20. — Menispermum Lyoni 

 Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii. 371.— DC, Frodr., i. 

 103, n. 4. 



s They are said to have six flattened petals, 

 shorter than the calyx. I have been unable to 

 see them. 



6 Miees, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vii. 44; 

 ser. 3, xiii. 489.— B. H., Gen., 34, 960, n. 6. 



7 T. petiolare Miees. — Hook. & Thoms., Fl. 

 Ind., i. 205. — Walp., Ann., iv. 135.— Cocculus 

 petiolaris Wall., Cat., n. 4964. 



8 T. javanicum Miees. 



