18 



NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



Next to Cissampelos come Cycled and Stephania. In the former 

 genus the male flowers have a cornet- or bell-shaped calyx ; and the 

 females resemble those of Cissampelos, but have two lateral petals 

 instead of one. The genus is composed of Lianas from Tropical 

 Asia. 2 



Cissampelos Pareira. 



Fig. 27. Fig. 29. Fig. 30. Fig. 28. 



Female flower (f). Fruit (f). Long. sect, of fruit. Long. sect, of flower. 



Stephania* has the female flower of Cyclea ; but the calyx of the 

 males (figs. 31, 32) consists of from six to twelve free leaves. The 

 androceum though triandrous resembles that of Cyclea, being repre- 

 sented when adult by a cylindrical column, at the apex of which is 

 seen a circular platform edged by an apparently single anther," 

 which dehisces by a continuous marginal horizontal cleft. Stephania 

 consists of plants from Tropical Asia, Australia, and Africa. 5 



Thus constituted, and containing moreover a large number of 

 doubtful genera, 6 and others whose place in these series is uncertain 



1 Abn., in Wight III., 22. — Miebs, in Ann. 

 Nat. Hist., ser. 3, xiv. 17.— B. H., Gen., 38, 

 963, n. 22. — Lophophyllum Gbifp., Notul., iv. 

 313. — Phaptomeris MiEES, in Ann. Nat. Hist., 

 ser. 2, vii. 41. — Peraphora MiEBS, in Ann. Nat. 

 Hist., ser. 3, xviii. 20. 



2 There are eleven species according to Miees ; 

 only three according to Bentham & Hookee. — 

 Hook. p. & Thoms., Fl. Ind., i. 201— Waxp., 

 Ann., iv. 131. 



3 Loue., Fl. CocMnch., 608. — Endl., AtaM., 

 t. 49, 50 ; Gen., n. 4694 ?— B. H., Gen., 37, 

 962, n. 20. — ClypeaHL., Bijdr., 26. — Ileocarpus 

 Miees, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vii. 40. — 

 Homocnemia Miees, loc. cit. — ? Perichasma 

 Miees, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, xviii. 21 



4 It is always triple when young, and each 

 anther has originally two distinct cells (figs. 31, 



32). Later the clefts of the different cells unite 

 by their extremities. Bentham & Hooker 

 have seen the cells distinct in the buds of S. ? 

 [Perichasma) Icetificata; and they are so even 

 in the adult flower. The same union of the anthers 

 into a double platform with a circular cleft be- 

 tween the two parts occurs in the closely analo- 

 gous androceum of certain species of Phyllanthus. 



5 Hook. & Thoms., Fl. Ind., i. 195. — Wight, 

 Icon., t. 939.— Benth., Fl. HongJc., 13; Fl. 

 Austral., i. 57.— Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr., i. 46. — 

 Walp., Ann., ii. 21 ; iv. 129. 



6 1. Adeliopsis Benth., Fl. Austral., i. 59. — 

 B. H., Gen., 964, n. 30 ?.— Miees, in^»». Nat. 

 Hist., ser. 3, xiii. 125. — H. Bn., in Adansonia, 

 viii. 153. — Sepals 5-9; 2-4 outer small bract- 

 like. Petals 3, unequal concave, shorter than 

 calyx. Stamens 9-12, central; filaments free, 



