PAP AVERAGES. 



127 



B. de Jussieu 1 in 1759. Besides the seven genera Bocconia, Sangui- 

 naria, Chelidonium, Argemone, Papaver, Hypecotim, and Fumaria, it con- 

 tained Podophyllum, Nymphcea, Sarracena, Monotropa, and Impatiens. 

 In 1763 Adanson'- included the same genera in his family Pavots 

 (Poppies), together with the then known Berberidacea?, the Actceece, 

 and Laurus ; but he excluded Monotropa. A. L. de Jussieu 3 retained 

 only the first seven of the above genera and added Glaucium ; re- 

 legating Monofropa to the "genera incertce sedis" and Podophyllum 

 and Actcea to Ranuncitlacea. Papaveracece was then reduced to eight 

 genera, six with indefinite and two {ITypecoum and Fumaria) with 

 definite stamens. De Candolle, between 1S22 and 1824, 4 made 

 Papaveracece and Fumariacece into two distinct orders. The former 

 included all A.L.de Jussieu's order, except Fumaria, besides Pcemeria 

 of Medicus 5 and Meconopsis of Viguier ; 6 the latter comprised 

 Fumaria, Adlumia of Ra.fi nesque, 7 and Diclytrc? and Corydalis. 9 

 When Endlicher 10 drew up his "Genera Plantarum" some fifteen years 

 later, the order Papaveracece, including Fumariacece as a suborder, 

 comprised seven more genera: Macleya of R. Brown, 11 Stylophorum 

 of Nuttall, 12 Eschscholtzia of Chamisso, 13 Dendromecon Platystemon and 

 Plafystigma of Bentham, 14 and Sarcocapnos of De Candolle. 15 To 

 these types have since been added Romneya by Harvey 10 in 1845, and 

 Cathcartia by J. Hooker 17 in 1851 ; besides two other doubtful genera, 

 one 18 imperfectly described, the other 19 of uncertain position, which 

 raise the tale of Papaveraceous genera to twenty-three, comprising 

 some hundred and sixty species. 



These plants are very unequally distributed over the globe. The 



1 In A. L. de Juss. Gen., lxvii. 



2 Fam. des PI., ii. 425, Fain. LIII. 



3 Gen. Plant. (1789), 235, Ord. II. 



4 St/st., ii. 67, 105; Prodr., i. 117, 125, Ord. 

 IX., X. 



5 In Uster. Ann., iii. (1792). 



6 Hist. Nat. Med. et Econ. des Pavots et des 

 Arqemones, Alontpell., 1814. 



7 In N.- York Med. Repos., ii. 350 ; in Desvx. 

 Jour 7i. Pot., ii. (1809). 



8 DC, St/st., ii. (1822). 



9 DC, Fl. Fr., iv. (1805). 



10 Gen. (1836-1840), 854-861. 



11 In Denh. § Clapp. App. (1826). 



12 Gen., ii. (1818). 



13 In Nees Hor. Phys. Berol. (1820). 



14 In Trans. Hort. Soc„ ser. 2, i. (1835). 



15 Syst., ii. (1S22). 



16 In Hook. Journ., iv. 



17 In Pot. Mag., t. 4596. 



is pteridophyllum Sieb. & Zucc. (in Abh. Ah. 

 Mun., iii. 719, t. 1, f. 1 ;— B. H., Gen., 54, n. 

 19;— Walp., Rep., v. 21). "Sepals 2, scale- 

 like. Petals 4, 2 outer elliptical-concave, 2 inner, 

 flat. Stamens 4, opposite petals. Placenta of 

 ovary nerve-like, bearing at very base 1, 2 ovules; 

 style filiform ; stigmatiferous lobes spreading, 

 alternating with placenta?. — A herb; rhizome 

 rather thick ; leaves radical, pectinate-pinna- 

 tisect ; scapes naked, ending in a simple or sub- 

 racemose raceme. — Species 1, Japanese : P. 

 racemosum Sieb. & Zucc." (This ill-known 

 plant seems very near to Hicentra). 

 19 Tovaria Ruiz & Pat., which has been 



