SAXIFRAGACE3J. 419 



some species are considered tonics in Peru. 1 Several European 

 Saxifrages have superficial glands, whence exudes a viscid matter, 

 said to be acrid and irritant. 2 In Australia and South America 

 certain CunoniecB afford gummy secretions. 3 But the plants of this 

 order most noted for their products are unquestionably the Liquid- 

 ambars. 4 In America L. styracifua? a fine tree from the United 

 States and Mexico, affords two kinds of balm 6 on incision : " one 

 liquid and transparent, like an oil ; the other soft, white, and opaque, 

 like Burgundy pitch." 7 The latter resembles balsam of Tolu, and is 

 sometimes used to adulterate it, but is distinguished by its acrid and 

 markedly bitter taste. In Asia Minor grows a smaller species, L. 

 orientate, 3 which several authors hold yields on incision the liquid 

 styrax or storax of pharmacy. This opinion, though disputed, 9 must, 

 as it would now appear, be adopted. 10 On the coast opposite to the 

 Isle of Rhodes the outer bark of this tree is removed and kept in 

 parcels for fumigation. The inner bark is boiled in water till the 

 resinous parts rise to the top ; they are then pressed in horsehair 

 bags to extract what is known as oil of storax, or of Buchuri, which 

 smells of vanilla, and enters into several ointments and plasters. L. 

 altingia" a gigantic tree from Java, has also been held to supply the 



1 Chiefly E. rubra Pers., resinosa Pees., 6 L., Spec, 1418. — Duham., Arbr., ed. nov., 

 myrtilloides L. fie. (Rosexth., op. cit., 579). ii. t. 10. — Michx., Arbr., ill. 194. — A. Geay, 

 The leaves and bark of Philadelphia and Brexia Man., 148. — Ciiapm., Fl. S. Unit. St., 157. — 

 are also considered tonic. Other Saxifragads are A. DC, Prodr., xvi. p. ii. 157, n. 1. — L. macro- 

 odoriferous. Ilea rosmarinifolia PoiR., in pkylla (Eest., Amer. Centr., t. 10. — Xochiocolzo 

 Cochin China, contains an aromatic essential oil; Hernand., Thes., 56 (vulg. Sweet Gum, Copalm, 

 and in Europe the so-called Syringas flower smells Balsam tree). 



of Jasmine, and has sometimes been used to make 6 Named by Guiboert "Baumes lirpddambar." 



scent. 7 Guib., op. cit., 305. 



2 The lithontriptic virtues of the Saxifrages 8 Mile., Diet., n. 2. — SpACH, Suit, a Buff on, 

 need demonstration. Their generic name may xi. 86. — Duham., Arbr., ed. nov., ii. 44. — 

 seem to imply them, but it is rather due to the Loudon, jEncycl., 934, fig. 1739. — A. DC., 

 way they grow upon rocks. It has been thought Prodr., n. 2. — L. imberbe Ait., Sort. Kew., ed. 

 that these have been disintegrated by the slightly 2, iii. 365. — Platanus orientalis Pococe, Trav., 

 acid juice of several species. Formerly the leaves ii. t. 89. 



of S. granulata L. were prescribed for stone in 9 Pereira, Elem. Mat. Med., ed. 4, ii. p. i. 



the bladder. S. tridactylites L. (figs. 354-358) 336. 



was formerly used in liver complaints. S. bron- 10 Hanbery, On Storax (in Pharm. Journ., 



chialis L., bulbifera L.,&c, were formerly thought xvi. 417, 461) . 



astringent and pectoral. S. cotyledon L., tri. " Be., Fl. Jan., fasc. xvii. 6, t. 1, 2.— A. DC, 



dactylites L., &c, are sometimes eaten as vege- Prodr., n. Z. — L. Altingiana Bii.,Bijdr., 527. — 



tables (Rosenth., op. cit., 577). L. Rasamala Be., Cat. Sort. Buitenz., 6. — 



3 Especially Ceratopetalum gummiferum, whose Altingia excelsa Noronh., in Bat. Verh., v. 1. — 

 gum is reddish. Sedgwickia cerasifolia Griff., in As. Res., i. 98, 



4 Geib., Drog. Simpl., cd. 6, ii. 304, fig. 432, t. 15, 16 {Rasamalla, Rosamallas, Cotter-Mija). 

 433. — Linde., Fl. Med., 321. — Enel., Enchirid., 



176.— Rosenth., op. cit., 203. 



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