304 NATURAL HISTOJIY OF PLANTS. 



are far from being uniform. The Anatto 1 (figs. 28S-29G) is espe- 

 cially celebrated as a tinctorial plant. Its seeds, crushed and 

 diluted with warm water, give a colouring matter contained in 

 their outer coat, and forming with it a residuum which ferments, 

 and is dried in cakes or paste. Stuffs, wax, butter, and chocolate 

 are coloured with it. The Caribbees sometimes use it for staining 

 the skin. It is also a purgative substance ; it is prized as a 

 remedy for dysentery in warm countries. 2 Cochlospcrmum also 

 contains a yellow or red colouring matter ; it is contained in the 

 soft tunica interior to the testa of their seeds ; and in C. tinctoritmf 

 of Senegal it is contained in the stock, which is also considered as an 

 amenagogue. In Brazil C. insipie* is prescribed in cases of internal 

 injury from falls or blows ; it is also employed to draw abscesses. 

 In India C. go$sypium b (fig. 343) is said to produce the gum Kuteera, 

 called also wrongly G. Bassora, analogous to Gr. tragacanth, but which 

 is converted by contact with water into a " transparent jelly, the parts 

 of which have no adherence with each other." 6 The milky juice which 

 is met with in most of the organs of the Papayads has very active 

 properties. The fruit of various cultivated varieties of Papaya Carica 7 

 (figs. 332-336) is alimentary. It is not much relished by most 

 Europeans in a raw state, but they eat it freely when cooked and 

 treated in various ways. In the colonies it is sometimes preserved 

 with sugar. But before maturity, it is filled with an irritant milk, 

 which by chance was discovered to be a powerful vermifuge. Its 



1 Pixa Orellana L., Spec. 730. — DC, Prodr., Prodr., i. 87. — Wight, in Rook. Boi. Misc., 

 i. 259, n. 1. — Pot. Mag., 1. 1456. — GuiB., Drog. ii. 357, t. 16. — Pombax Gossypium L., Syst., 

 Simpl, ed. 6, iii. 668, fig. 751.— R£v., in FL 517. — Cat., Diss., v. 297, t. 157, Sonneb., 

 Med. du xix e Siecle, iii. 224, t. 22. — Tb., in Yog. aux Ind. Or. et a la Chine, ii. (1782) t. 

 Ptdl. Soc. Pot.de Fr., v. 366. — P. americana 133. — Roxb.,-F7. Ind., ii. 169. — P. Congo Bubm., 

 Poib., Diet., vi. 229 (vugl. Urucu, Orleans, Jwrf.,145.— Xylon L.,Fl.Zeyl., 99, n. 222 ex Pl.). 

 Arnotto ; in Colombia, Onoto Achote). 6 GuiB., Drog. Simpl., ed. 6, iii. 452, 628. 



2 The seed contains bixine and orelline ' G.EBTN., Fruct., ii. (1791), t. 122. — P. vul- 

 (Chevbetjl). Pixa Urucurana W. (Fnum., garis DC, in LamTc. Diet. v. (1804), 2. — Desc, 

 565), of Brazil and spharocarpa, Te. (loc. cit., Fl. Med. Ant., i.'t. 47, 48. — A. DC, Prodr., xv. 

 369), of Columbia, are said to possess the same sect. i. 414, n. i. — P. sativa, Trss., Fl. Ant., 

 properties. iii. 45, t. 10, 11. — P. orientalis, Coi., in Hern. 



3 Rich., Guielem. & Peeb., Fl. Sen. Tent., Thes., 870, ic. — Papaya Rumph, Herb. Anibo in., 

 i. 99, t. 21.— Oliv., Fl. Prop. Afr., i. 113.— i. t. 50.— Hugh., Barbad., t. 14, 15.— Carica 

 C. Planchoni Hook, f., Niger, 26C (vnlg. Papaya L., Spec, 1466 (part.) — Wight, III., t. 

 Fayar). 106, 107.— Lindl., in Pot. Reg., t. 459; Fl. 



4 A. S. H., PI. Us. Pras., n. 57.— Endl,, Med., 107 ; Veg. Kingd., 321, fig. 221, 222.— 

 Pot. Med., 119.— Kosenth., op cit., 737. — Hook., in Bot. Mag., t. 2898, 2899.— Roxb., 

 Wittelsbachia insignis Mabt. & Zucc, Nov. Fl. Ind., iii. 824. — GuiB., Drog. Simpl., ed. 6, 

 Gen. et Spec, i. 84, t. 55. — MaximUiana regia iii. 268, fig. 639. — Endl., Enchirid., 487. — 

 Mabt., in Flora (1819), 452 (vulg. Buiua do Rosenth., op. cit., 669 (vnlg. Papaw, Arbre a 

 enrvo). Melons in the Antilles). The specific name of 



5 DC, Prodr., i. 527, n. 1. — Wight & Abn., GjEETNEE has the priority with him. 



