306 NATURAL niSTOJIY OF PLANTS. 



mis, and in F. Ramontchi,* or Plumtree of Madagascar. The root 

 of F. sepiaria passes as being alexipharmic in India, and in the 

 same country the young shoots of F. Catap/rracfa 3 (figs. 297-300) 

 are eaten as tonics, stomachics, and astringents. Lcetia apetala and 

 resinosa are considered as purgative in the Antilles, and give a kind 

 of sandarac having drastic properties. 4 In the Mauritius, Aphloia 

 iheiformii has a bark which serves the same purpose as ipecacuanha. 

 The Acomce, especially Homalium racemosum 6 (figs. 322-325) have 

 an astringent root, which is used in Guiana as antigonorrhetic. 

 Turnera ojrifera Mart., is also an astringent ; it is prescribed in 

 Brazil for dyspepsia. T. ulmifolia L., and amgustifolia Curt., 7 are 

 employed in America as tonics and expectorants. The Samydece 

 are also often used as astringents : principally at Para, Guidonia 

 adstringens* which is used to cicatrize ulcers, and has besides a cer- 

 tain acridity ; in Guiana, G. ovata 9 the bark of which is bitter, the 

 leaves used in preparing baths for the treatment of rheumatism, and 

 the fruit, said to have diuretic properties ; in central Brazil, G. ulmi- 

 folia, 10 which is applied to wounds, is also employed in the treatment 

 of serpent bites, and used internally in cases of nausea ; G. Lingua" 

 which has the reputation of curing malignant fevers, and inward 

 inflammation ; in India, G. escidenta, n of the Circar Mountains, 

 which has a bitter, purgative root, and edible leaves. The Fangiece, 

 so nearly allied to the Papayads by their organization, are still more 



1 Roxb., op. cit., iii. 16 ; Fl. Ind., iii. 834. — 6 Jacq., Amer., 170, t. 183, fig. 72.— Sw., 

 Jack, in Hook. Bot. Misc., i. 289. — DC, Fl. Ind. Occ, 989, t. 17.— Lamk.', III., t. 483, 

 Prodr., n. 2. — Moon, Cat. PI. Ceyl, 70.— Clos, fig. 2.— DC, Prodr., ii. 53, n. 1.— TrjRP., in 

 loc. cit., 216. Diet. Sc. Nat., Atl., t. 244.— Rosenth., op. cit., 



2 Lh£r., Stirp., &9, t. 30, 31. — Lamk., Ill, 666. — ? Racoubea guianensis Aubl., Ghtian., ii. 

 t, 826. — DC, Prodr., n. 1.— Cos, loc. cit., n. 590, t. 236. 



8. — Oliv., PI. Trop. Afr., i. 120. — Stigmarota 1 Rosenth., op. cit., 662. 



africana Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (ed. 1790), 634. 8 Casearia adstringens Mart., ex Rosenth., 



— Alamoton Flac, Hist. Madag., 124. op. cit., 663. 



3 Roxb., ex W., Spec, iv. 830; Fl. Ind., 9 Anavinga ovata Lamk., Diet., i. 148. — 

 iii. 834. — DC, Prodr., n. 5. — Clos, loc. cit., 216, ^Anavinga Rdeed., Hort. Malal., iv. t. 49. — 

 n. 2. — Stigmarota Jcngomas Lour., loc. cit. — Casearia ovata \V., Spec, ii. (1799), 629. — 

 Rovmea Javgomas Sfreng., Syst., ii. 632. DC, Prodr., iii. 49, n. 5. — C. Anavinga 



4 Xylosma orbicutaium Foest., or My- Pers., Syn., i. 485 (1805). — Rosenth., op. cit., 

 roxylon orbiciilatum Forst. (Char. Gen., 63), 663. 



owes its name to its balsamic odour, which is I0 Casearia ulmifolia Vahl. (ex Vent., Ch. 



said to be rather agreeable. de PI., n. 47, not.). — DC, Prodr., n. 13. — 



5 Benn., PI. Jar.. Rar., 192. — Neumannia A. S. H., Fl. Bras. Mer., ii. 233.— Lindl., Fl. 

 thmformis A. Rich., Fl. Cub.,96, not. — Clos, Med., 104 (vulg. Marmeleiro do mato). 



in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 4, viii. 271, 273.— H. » Mart., ex A. S. H., loc. cit., 236 (vulg. 



Rn., in Diet. Encycl. Sc. Med., v. 644. — Cha defrade, Lingua de fin). 



ProcJcia theaformis W., Spec, ii. 1214. — DC, 12 Casearia escidenta IIoxb., Cat. Hort. Calc, 



Prodr., i. 261, n. 5. — Ludia heterophylla Bory, 99. — Lindl., Veg. Kingd., 331 (vulg. Gam- 



Voy., ii. 115, t. 24. goodoo). 



