328 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



testa crustaceous, smooth, rugose or aculeate ; albumen fleshy ; 

 cmbiyo axile j cotjdedons flat, elliptical -oblong; radicle terete. — 

 Trees or shrubs full of milky juice ; trunk often simple, apex 

 leafy ; sometimes aculeate or spinose (Jacarafia) ; leaves alternate 

 petiolate subpeltate palmate or digitate, 5-1 2 -foliolate, more rarely 

 oblong, exstipulate ; flowers solitary or in axillary or terminal 

 cymiferous racemes, sometimes growing from the trunk, ebracteate 

 {Trop. America). See p. 289. 



IX. TURNERE.E. 



39. Turnera L. — Flowers regular, hermaphrodite ; tube (of re- 

 ceptacle ?) more or less elongated, cylindrical or obconical ; limb of 

 calyx campanulate or subinfundibuliform, 5 -partite, imbricated. 

 Petals 5, inserted in the throat ; claw short, naked or very rarely 

 {Erblichia) crowned with short filaments ; limb obovate or obcuneate, 

 or subspathulate wide, membranous, coloured, in bud contorted, or 

 more rarely minute, shorter than calyx, subsepaloid. Stamens 5, 

 alternipetalous ; anthers oblong, introrse 2-rimose ; filaments free, 

 inserted in the throat, or in the tube, at a greater or less height from 

 base to throat, more or less perigynous or subhypogynous (JForm- 

 skiohlia). Germen free, 1-locular ; styles 3, simple or 2-partite 

 (Piriqueta), apex stigmatiferous subentire {Erblichia), or flabellate, 

 2— 5-cx-fid; ovules on each placenta 2- co, descending; micropyle 

 extrorse, superior. Capsule 1-locular, subovoid or oblong, some- 

 times siliquiform torulose {IFormskioldia), more or les high valvate ; 

 valves inwardly at middle 1- cx-spermous. Seed oblong or cylin- 

 drical, slightly curved ; aril membranous ; testa crustaceous, exterior 

 foveolate ; albumen copious, fleshy ; embryo axile ; radicle cylin- 

 drical ; cotyledons plano-convex. — Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, ' 

 glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose ; leaves alternate, petiolate, or 

 sessile ; stipules lateral, small, or ; limb entire, serrate, or pinna- 

 tifid, base sometimes 2-glandular ; flowers axillary, solitary, or rarely 

 cymose or racemose, sometimes adnate to petiole to greater or less 

 height {Trop. Africa and America). See p. 294. 



