lOS 



NATURAL HIsroRY OF PLANTS. 



cactiform, percmiial or annual, frequently with milky jiiice, has 

 been divided into a certain number of sections,^ principally based on 

 the exterior character of the seeds, of the glands alternating ■n'ith the 

 sepals, and upon the vegetative organs. The leaves, sometimes (espe- 

 cially in the species with thick stems) reduced to small tongues, are 

 either alternate or opposite and unsymmetrical exstipulate, or with 

 lateral stipules, membranous or glandular. The flowers, often 

 preceded by coloured bracts, arc disposed in more or less compound 

 cymes, bi- or pluriparous, often uniparous, principally at the summit 

 of the inflorescence, this being axillary, or more usually terminal, 

 and frequently united in a umbelliform mass. 



In some African species of Euphorbia, the glands alternate to the 

 sepals, instead of being independent, are more or less widely united 

 in a lobed ring : the genus Si/nadenium," has been made of them, 

 but we have only considered them as a section of EiqJiorhia. 



Beside Euphorhia is placed Pcdilanthes, representing the irregular 

 form of it. The gynteceum and androccuui remain the same, the 

 calyx becomes extremely irregular, usually calceolate, generally as 

 if bilabiate, with a posterior lip represented by the posterior division 

 of the perianth, in itself bi- or tridentate, and an anterior lip formed 

 of five sepals, larger and imbricated. Within the posterior lip is 

 found a platform or furrow bearing one or a larger number of 

 sessile glands. The species of Pedilauthes are American. Their 

 vegetative organs are fleshy ; their leaves alternate, and their flowers 

 disposed in terminal or axillary cymes. 



According to another opinion, that which we liaA'e just considered 

 as the calyx* in E^jihoi-hia and Fetlilanthcs^ represents a multifloral 



cit. 7-188, 1262-1200.— H. Bn. in. Adansonla, 

 i. 58, 104, 139, 291 ; ii. 211 ; iii. 139 ; iv. 257 ; 

 vi. 282 ; vii. 159, 375; x. 197. 



1 M. BoissiEU (Pioih: S) twcnty'sevcn of them 

 are admitted; 1. Anisop/ii//liiiii (Haw. Si/ii. lo'J) J 

 2. Zyi/ophi/lliirtiim (Buiss.) ; 3. CijlturoxiMmum 

 (Boiss.); 4. Diehiliiim (Boiss.); 6. AlectuncU- 

 nnm (Schltl. in LUiiiita, xix. 252) ; 6. Felaloma 

 (IvAl'IN. All. Juuni. 177) ; 7. Crossadeiiiii (Boiss.) 

 8. Stachiidium (Boiss.) ; 9. TitJiymalop.iis (Kl. 

 et. Gecke. loc. cit. 33) ; 10. l'ric/ierosli//ma (Kl. 

 et GuCKE. loc. cit. 41); 11. rurtulacastnim 

 (Bois.s.) ; 12. C/ieirolepi(liiim (Boiss.) ; 13. JSrc- 

 mnphijlum (Boi.ss.); li. Xuinmuliu-ir,j>sis (Bois.s.) 

 1.5. Vohiaettia (GiiAii. in luUnb.Xeic Fhil. .loxini_ 

 (1836); (Kl. et Ghcke. loc. cit. 101); K.'. 

 Arlhrotlmmnns (Kl. et Gkcke. loc. cit. 62 

 part.); 17. Caiilaiitliiiim (Boiss.); 18. Goiioi- 

 .rfoHff (11. By. m Ailniisriiiiiii i. 114); 19. Sin- 



canihivm (Boiss.) — Steriymaiitlic Kl. et Giicke. 

 luc. cil. 100) ; 20. Ei<phorbium (Boiss. — Sactij- 

 liiitthis. MidHH-a^ Trc'sidj Haw. ; — AntJiacantha 

 Lem. in 111. Suit. [1835], 69) ; 21. Rhizdiithimii 

 (Boiss.) ; 22. Tintciilli (Boiss.) ; 23. Lijciopsis 

 (Boiss.) ; 24. Fstudacali/pha (Boiss.) ; 25. Eu- 

 phorhiostrum (Kl. et Gucke. l'>e. cit. 101) ; 26. 

 Tifhymnlus (Boiss.)— Scop, (nee Haw.) ; — Gal- 

 an-Iiicus Hauv. Syii. 143) ; — Emiln Hauv. 

 Syn. 153) ; 27. Culycoprplus (Pl.). we have 

 sepcrated this last genus from Euphorhia, 

 and we join as sections Si/nadciiium (Boiss.) 

 Dtiiidenia (H. Bx. mjdansoiiia, '2\i\ — Cleopatra 

 Paxch.), besides Hoiir/izim (Boiss. I'rodr. 

 1204, s.13a.). 



= Boiss. rrodr. 187, 1269. 



^ In Adaiismiia, iii. 142. 



■' Following Ihc example of Toi'iinefokt. 



