126 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



have been made into a special tribe [Amperea'), principally on account 

 of the semi-cylindrical form, of their cotyledons, nearly equal in size 

 to their radicle. Their calyx is valvate in the male flowtr, and imbri- 

 cated in the female, as in most of the preceding genera. The diplo- 

 stemonous androceiim is formed of stamens, whose anthers, with 

 wall-shaped cells, much recall those of our indigenous Mercuriales; 

 it is sometimes surrounded by a disk with elongate glands. Caly- 

 copc'plm^ formerly ranked among the Euphorhiacea, has the spartoid 

 habit of Amperea., opposite glandular leaves very little developed, 

 and flowers also in cymes. The terminal flower is central and com- 

 posite, as in Amperea, having a trimerous gynjeceum, with uniovu- 

 late cells and a perianth with six divisions ; the male flowers, dis- 

 posed in biparous cymes, are peripherical, each reduced to a small 

 perianth and one single stamen, with anther looking outwards. 

 Cnesmone javanica, a climbing shi'ub with large leaves covered 

 with haii's, has only an isostemonous androceum, in the male 

 flowers apetalous and trimerous. The female flower is, on the con- 

 trary, nearly that of Amperea., presenting a trimerous gynoeceum, 

 surrounded by an imbricated calyx. The anthers arc surmounted 

 by a long prolongation of the connective, a kind of articulate rod, 

 incurved-geniculate, which, in the bud, folds itself within on the face 

 of the anther. This organ does not exist in Tragia, which has the 

 same perianth as Cnesmone, with a number of pieces varying from 

 thi-ee to eight in the female flower, where it is imbricated. The 

 stamens are equal in number to the pieces of the perianth with which 

 they alternate, or fewer in number (so that with three sepals there 

 are only two or one stamen), or even, again, double in number or 

 indefinite, on several verticils, with extrorsc or introrse anthers. 

 In the latter case they arc accompanied by a variable number of 

 glands. Tragia consists of volubile hispid plants from all warm 

 climates, principally tropical America. In Zuckcrtia, a Mexican 

 bind-wced, nearly allied to Tragia, the flowers are eglandular, the 

 male calyx is pear-shaped in the bud, and the stamens, indefinite 

 in number, form a large central bundle. The filaments are united 

 quite at the base, and the elongated anthers are cxtrorse. The thi-ce- 

 celled ovary, surrounded by a variable number of sepals, is sui'- 

 mounted by a style whose common basilar part is swollen into a 

 club before separating into three revolute branches. Lcptorachis, 



