EUPHORBIACE^. 165 



resembles so muny small clistiuct glands, encircled by cellules in 

 masses to which the resinous contents give a red colour more or less 

 bro-vvn or crimson. This sort of coloured floui- has served for a long- 

 time in India to dye silks ; it was introduced into Europe some years 

 since as the best dye known to the Indians. There are many other 

 plants among the EujjJiorbiacecv with colouring and tinctorial uroperties. 

 Those which contain the reddish juices we have spoken of, which 

 desiccation renders more or less bluish, like our ^ [ercurialis, 

 are especially of this kind. The best known in Europe is Tourne- 

 sotia tinctoriaj^ which grows in the region of the Mediterranean, and 

 is cultivated principally at Grand-Gallargues for the manufacture 

 of turnsole with rags. The rags impregnated with juice pressed 

 from this plant are submitted to the action of ammonia, which 

 reddens them ; and the colouring matter then serves for tinting 

 cheese, liqueurs, syrups, and j)reserves. It has also been pro- 

 posed to prepare tiu-nsole in cakes. Mercurialis perennis,'^ which 

 colours paper blue, has also been proposed as a dye plant, and the 

 same with 31. aunualis^ (fig. 177-184); but these slightly active 

 plants are best known at present as laxative medicines.' This 

 property resides in their organs of vegetation, and it is the same 

 with many species of Euplwrhia acting as evacuant remedies. Eu- 

 phorbia Ipecacuanha,^ from North America, is an energetic vomitive, 



' Croton liiictorius L. Spec. lOC-t. — Geisel. de cliie)i, M. saiiraije, dcs bois, de montagne.) 



dot. Moil. 68.— DC. Fl. Fi: iii. 347.— C. vet- 3 M. annua L. Spec. 1465.— DC. Fl. Fi: iii. 



bascifoUus W. Spec. iv. 539. — C. patuliis Lag. 328. — Guen. et Godr. Fl. de Fr. iii. 99. — 



Nov. Qeii. et Spec. 21. — C. villosns SiBTH. et Sm. Eeichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. v. t. 151. — Payee, Or- 



Fl. Grac. t. 951. — C. oblongifolius Sieb. ex (jaiing. t. 110. — Guib. op. cit. ii. 342. — Moa. 



Spkeng. Syxt. iii. 850. — Crozophnra linctoria A. Hot. Med. 34, fig. 3, 4. — H. Bx. Fuphorbiac. 



Juss. Euphorb. t. 7, fig. 25.— Nees, Gen. ii. t. t. 9, fig. 12-29; in Diet. Eiici/cl. Sc. Med. p. ii. 



37. — JoLY, Obs. sitr les PI. a eoul. bkue. t. 5. — vii. 89. — M. amblgtta L. F. Dec. i. 15, t. 8. — 



Reichb. le. Fl. Genu. v. t. 52. — Gum. op. cit. M. riliata Puesl, Del. 56. — .U. Huetii Hank. 



ii. 342. — LiNDL. Fl. Med. 178. — Rosenth. op. [Foimlle, Leiizettc, Cagurelle, Hamberge, Vignette, 



cit. 837. — M. Aro. Frndr. 748. — C. rerbaseifolia Ortiebatiirde, O.morte, Mnrcoi.i, Mercuret, etc.) 



h. Jues. loc. cit. 28. — C. integrifvlia Bvxge, ■• There has sometimes heen employed for the 



Ittl. Lfhm. 450. — C. hieroHolgmitnna Spkeng. Inc. same purpose the M. eltipticfi Vent, et tmnen- 



cit. {Tournesol, Heliotrope, Gubbire, Herhe de tosa L. Sprengel thinks that the latter mnst 



Clytie.) be the iiwov of Dioscouide (see H. B.v. in 



• Mercurialis perennis L. Spec. 1405. — DC. Diet. Encycl. Sc. Med. ■p. ii.vu. 90. 



Fl. Fr. iii. 328.— Gken. et Godk. Fl. de Fr. ' L. Amcen. iii. 117.— Louo. Dot. Ca'<. t. 



iii. 99.— Eeichb. /c. F/. Go-m. V. t. 152.— Mer. \U5.—Iiot. Mug. t. 1794.— Boiss. Pm/r. 101. 



et Del. Diet. Mat. Med. iv. 372.— GriB. op. cit. i\. 391.— Bigel. Med. Hot. iii. t. 52.— E. gracilis 



ii. 342. — Li.NDL. Fl. Med .18h. — M.Aug. I'rodr. Ell. Sketch, ii. 657. — E. porttdacnidcs'L. loc.cit. 



796, n. -5. — W.'iis.m Diet. Encgcl. Sc. M£d. \).\\. — Anisophgllum Ipecacuanha Haw. PI. Succ. 



vii. 90.— .;ir mala Host, Fl. Austr. ii. 666.— 104. 

 M. CgnocrambeScoT. Fl. C'arniol, ii, 666, (CAow 



